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Description
Flashcards by jhutton846, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jhutton846
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Biology : Unit 1 | Cells |
| Total Magnification ( ? x ? = Total Magnification ) | Magnification of eyepiece x Magnification of objective lens = Total Magnification d |
| Calculating sizes of specimen ( Actual Size = ? ------- ? | Actual Size = Observed Size ---------------- Magnification |
| Calculating Magnification ( Magnification = ? ----- ? | Observed Size (My Measurement) --------------------------------------------- Actual Size (Measurement Given) |
| What is special about Red Blood Cells | Biconcave shape gives a larger surface area |
| What is Active Transport | Is the movement of substances against a concentration gradient, from a low concentration to a high concentration |
| What is needed for Active Transport to work | Energy |
| What is the function of a cell membrane | To let certain molecules in And to keep the nucleus in place |
| What is the role of the mitochondria | To make energy |
| Biology : Unit 2 | Photosynthesis and Plants |
| Photosynthesis Word Equation | Sun (Light Energy) / C. Dioxide + Water ----> Oxygen + Glucose / Choloroplasts |
| Photosynthesis Chemical Equation | 6Co2 + 6H20 ---> 602 + C6 H12 06 |
| Name the 4 steps of a Leaf Starch Test | 1. Leaf in Boiling Water 2. Boil in Ethanol 3. Rinse leaf in water 4. Flood in Iodine |
| Name the 6 Limiting Factors that plants need to Photosynthesis | 1. Water 2. Carbon Dioxide 3. Sunlight 4. Temperature 5. Chlorophyll 6. Surface Area |
| What part of the plant contains the most chloroplasts | Palisade |
| What part of a leaf is specially adapted to keep water in | Waxy Cuticle |
| Name the cell that carries water | Xylem |
| Name the cell that carries sugar in a plant | Phloem |
| What is the gas exchange in a plant during photosynthesis | Light C. Dioxide + Water -------> Glucose + Oxygen Chlorophyll |
| What happens to the Glucose during photosynthesis | - Broken down ( using up oxygen and producing carbon dioxide ) |
| What is the gas exchange in a plant during respiration | Glucose + Oxygen --> C.Dioxide + Water (+ energy) |
| What term is given when the rate of photosynthesis and the rate of respiration are equal | Compensation Point |
| What would happen in darkness ? Would photosynthesis or respiration take place ? | - NO Photosynthesis (DARK) - Only respiration is occurring |
| What indicator is used to test for measuring the amount of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere | Bicarbonate Indicator |
| What colour will the indicator turn when it turns positive / negative | Normal Yellow <-------> Orange/Red <-------> Purple CO2 is added CO2 removed |
| Name the process of which plants make their own food | Photosynthesism |
| What name is given to a leaf that has white edges and green centre | Variegated Leaf |
| What is the function of chlorophyll in the photosynthesis process | Traps light energy |
| What compound can be used to absorb Carbon Dioxide | Soda Lime / Sodium Hydroxide |
| When sugar is produced during photosynthesis what can it be used for | Respiration Fruits Seeds Making cell walls |
| What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis | Temperature Light Intensity Carbon Dioxide Concentration |
| Give 3 reasons why animals need food | 1. Providing energy 2. Enables growth 3. Provides defence from diseases |
| Biology : Unit 3 | Nutrition and Health |
| Recite the acronym for a balanced diet ( Can Very Fat Pigs Fight Mini Waterhogs ) | Can Vitamins Fat Protein Fibre Minerals Water |
| Name the 3 different types of Carbohydrates | 1. Simple 2. Double 3. Complex |
| What are Proteins built up of | Amino Acids |
| What substance in our diet prevents constipation | Fibre |
| What food test is used for starch | Iodine |
| What colour will Iodine change if there is starch present | Blue / Black |
| What colour will Iodine change if there is NO starch present | Brown |
| What food test is used with heat and for what | Benedict + Glucose |
| What food test is used for glucose | Benedicts |
| What colour will Benedicts change if glucose is present | Orange |
| What test is used for Protein | Biuret |
| What colour will Biuret change if Protein is present | Purple |
| What test is used for Vitamin C | D.C P.I.P |
| What colour will D.C P.I.P change if Vitamin C is present | Colourless / Pink |
| What is used to test for Fat | Ethanol ( Emultion ) |
| What colour will Ethanol change if Fat is present | Cloudy |
| What is the word equation for respiration | Glucose + Oxygen --> C.Dioxide + Water + Energy |
| Biology: Unit 4 | Enzymes and Digestion |
| What do enzymes do | Speed up reactions |
| What are the 2 groups of enzymes called called | 1. Extracellular 2. Intracellular |
| What are Extracellular enzymes | the enzyme may leave the cell to do work e.g. digestive enzymes |
| What are Intracellular enzymes | they stay inside the cell e.g. for growth and repair |
| What is the word equation of a substance forming into another enyme | enzyme Substrate -------------> Porduct |
| New Sub-Topic : Digestion | Biology |
| What is Ingestion | Ingesting something (into the mouth) |
| What is Digestion | The breakdown of large food molecules |
| What are the 2 types of Digestion | 1. Mechanical 2. Chemical |
| What is Mechanical Digestion | Food broken down by teeth |
| What is Chemical Digestion | Food broken down by enzymes |
| What is Absorption | Soluble products of digestion are absorbed into the blood |
| What part of the body is responsible for Absorption | Ileum |
| What is Assimilation | The products of digestion e.g. glucose, amino acids etc. |
| What is Egestion | Components that CANNOT be digested by the body and are excreted out |
| Biology: Unit 5 | Breathing and the Respiratory System |
| What are the 2 types of respiration | 1. Aerobic 2. Anaerobic |
| What is Aerobic Respiration | Oxygen is used to release the energy |
| What is the word equation for Aerobic Respiration | Oxygen+Glucose--->C.Dioxide+Water+Energy (Lots) |
| What is Anaerobic Respiration | Energy is released WITHOUT oxygen |
| What makes Gas Exchange efficient | 1. Large surface area 2. Moisture 3. Thin, Permeable Air Sack |
| What happens to the Diaphragm during; 1. Inhalation 2. Exhalation | 1. Flattens / Contracts 2. Domes / Relaxes |
| What happens to the Intercostal Muscles during: 1. Inhalation 2. Exhalation | 1. Contracts 2. Relaxes |
| What happens to the Rib cage during: 1. Inhalation 2. Exhalation | 1. Up and Out 2. Down and In |
| What happens to the Volume of the Thorax during: 1. Inhalation 2. Exhalation | 1. Increases 2. Decreases |
| What happens to the Air Pressure during: 1. Inhalation 2. Exhalation | 1. Decreases 2. Increases |
| What happens to the Air Movement during: 1. Inhalation 2. Exhalation | 1. In 2. Out |
| Biology: Unit 6 | Nervous System and Hormones |
| What is a Receptor | Sense organ that receives a stimulus e.g. skin |
| What is a Co-Ordinator | it processes the signal and co-ordinates a response |
| What is a Effector | Brings a change to the stimulus e.g. muscle contracts |
| What is the gap called between a receptor and a co-ordinator | Synapse |
| What is a Voluntary action | Decisions you make under conscious control |
| What is a Reflex action | A decision that is made without you knowing |
| Biology: Unit 6-b | Plant Hormones |
| What is a plant Stimuli | The change in the environment |
| What is a plant Receptor | The cells or organs that detect the change |
| What is a plant Response | The change an organism makes in reaction to the stimulus |
| What 2 ways do plants respond to stimuli | 1. Growing towards it 2. Growing away from it |
| What is the growing response called | Trophism |
| What is Phototrophism | A growth movement in response to light |
| What are growth movements controlled by | Hormones |
| What is at the tip of the shoot of a plant 1. Stimuli 2. Receptor 3. Response | 2. Receptor |
| What hormone is made at the tip of the shoot | Auxin (IAA) |
| What does Auxin do | Diffuses downwards from the tip where it makes the cell longer |
| What does Auxin have to do with Phototrophism | If there is a change in Auxin concentration phototropism is caused |
| What does the Auxin need to do in order for the shoot to grow straight up | It needs to spread evenly down the shoot |
| Give 2 reasons for commercial use of plant hormones | 1. Selective Weedkillers 2. Fruit Formation |
| What do Selective Weedkillers do | They disrupt the growth of weeds causing them to die |
| Why are plant hormones used for fruit formation | Ripens fruit quicker |
| How do plant hormones ripen fruit quicker | Auxin's help fruit to set naturally and ripen at the same time |
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