Skeletons

Question	Answer
3 ADVANTAGES OF AN INTERNAL SKELETON	-Bones grow with the body -Easy to attach muscles to bone -Provides better flexibility
External Skeletons (exoskeletons) are made of...	CHITIN
TELL ME ABOUT LONG BONES...	weigh less are stronger than solid bones have a hollow shaft containing bone marrow and blood vessels
WHATS OSSIFICATION?	All bones in an embryo are made from soft, flexible cartilage. During growth, cartilage is replaced by calcium and phosphorus salts which make the bone hard
Types of bone fractures	Simple Fracture Greenstick Fracture Compound Fracture
Image: simple_fracture.PNG (image/PNG)	Simple Fracture - the bone has broken cleanly
Image: greenstick_fracture.PNG (image/PNG)	Greenstick Fracture - the bone hasn't broken completely
Image: compound_fracture.PNG (image/PNG)	Compound Fracture - the broken bone has broken through muscle and skin
Osteoporosis is...	a condition in which bones are weakened and break more easily, and which older people are more likely to suffer from.
It is dangerous to move people with a suspected fracture because...	their spine might be injured and moving it could make it worse Bone and cartilage can get infected if damaged.
A ligament...	joins bone to other bones.
A tendon...	attaches muscle to bone.
Fixed joints are...	Bony plates fused together e.g. the skull.
Hinge joints...	bend in only one direction e.g. the elbow and the knee.
Ball and socket joints...	allow rotation e.g. the shoulder and the hip.
Synovial membrane...	produces synovial fluid.
Synovial fluid...	lubricates and cushions bones during movement.
Cartilage...	reduces friction between bones and absorbs shock.
Antagonistic muscles...	work together. When one contracts, the other relaxes.
What happens when you bend the arm?	The biceps contract, pulling the radium bone. The triceps relax.
What happens when you straighten the arm?	The triceps contract, pulling the ulna bone. The biceps relax.

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	Created by bridget.watts97 about 12 years ago