Flashcards
Blood Flashcards
Cards in this deck (40)
- 1Blood temperature38C
- 2Blood viscosity5x thicker than water
- 3Blood pH7.35-7.45
- 4Volume7% of total body weight in adults
Pediatrics: 85 mL/kg - 5Plasma92% H2O, solutes and blood proteins
55% of whole blood volume - 6Blood proteinsSynthesized in liver. Carriers of substances
- 7Blood cells45% of whole blood volume
RBCs, WBCs and platelets - 8HemopoiesisSynthesis of blood cells
- 9Erythrocytesmade in bone marrow when kidneys sense low arterial O2
- 10Erythropoietin hormonesynthesized in kidney and liver and carried to the Red Bone marrow to stimulate stem cells to make more RBC's
- 11ErythropoiesisRBC formation
Generic blood stem cells give rise to marrow stem cells, which give rise to blast cells which give rise to erythrocytes - 12Erythrocyte structureBiconcave & flexible
Has no excess organelles
Does not need insulin to utilize glucose - 13Hemoglobin4 oxygen molecules that appear red when oxygenated and blue when deoxygenated
- 14Hemoglobin structure3 heme groups each containing an iron
4 Globin chains each having one of the hemes - 15OxyhemoglobinWhen the iron found on the heme binds an oxygen
Weak affinity; unbinds easily to tissue - 16Carbamino-hemoglobinGlobin chain binds CO2
- 17AnemiaLow hemoglobin
Symptom, not a cause - 18Erythrocyte lifespan120 days
1% replaced daily
Destroyed by phagocytes in spleen liver and bone marrow - 19Hematocrit% of blood occupied by RBCs
- 20Polycythemiahigh hematocrit
- 21Leukopoiesissynthesis of leukocytes from hematopoietic 'myeloid' stem cells
- 22Leukocytesused for immune response and chemotaxis
- 23Chemotaxismigration & mobility towards stimulus
Migrate out of blood vessels into tissue - 24Neutrophils50-70% of all WBC
1st to injury
Highly responsive to bacteria
Engulf & digest - 25Innate immunityimmune system you're born with
WBC of innate immunity: neutrophils and eosinophils - 26WBCs of acquired immunityLymphocytes (B-cells and T-cells)
- 27B cellsactivated by an antigen; will synthesize antibodies
- 28Antibodiesinactivate invading pathogens and mark them from phagocytic destruction
- 29T cellsrecognize foreign markers antigens and destroy directly and activate phagocytic cells
High viral efficacy - 30ThrombocytopoiesisRed bone marrow’s Myeloid stem cell => megakaryocyte => cleaves off sections = platelets
Stimulated by hormone thrombopoietin (TPO) produced by kidneys - 31thrombocytesPlatelets
Used for clotting - 32Clotting1. injury or perceived injury
2. vascular phase
3. platelet phase
4. coagulation phase
5. clot destruction - 33vascular phasevessel spasm due to endothelium's release of endothelin
- 34Platelet phasePlatelet activation and adhesion due to Von Willibrand factor exposed at injury site
- 35Platelet degranulationactivates platelets to aggregate to each other
- 36Coagulation phaseactivated via injured tissue
Causes a coagulation cascade that results in a stabilize fibrin clot - 37Clot destructiondone by enzyme plasmin
- 38Activating factor 10Makes thrombin which activates fibrinogen and then makes a stable fibrin meshwork
- 39ThrombinConverts fibrinogen to fibrin
Activates factor XIII
Enhances platelet aggregation
Facilitates its own synthesis - 40PlasminDissolves fibrin clot
Found as plasminogen (inactive in bloodstream). Converted to plasmin by tPA
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- Flashcards on Blood Flashcards, created by Alanna Foley on 17/11/2021.
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- Alanna Foley
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