Flashcards
BRM H8
Cards in this deck (42)
- 1three criteria evidence for causal relationshiptemporal precedence, covariation of the cause and effect, no plausible alternative explanations
- 2temporal precedencecause must occur before effect
- 3covariation of the cause and effectif X then Y, if not X then not Y (there must be a realtionship)
- 4no plausible alternative explanationsno other variable that affects the outcome (there must be a control group)
- 5single group threatsoccurs in a study that only uses a single program or treatment group and no control group
- 6posttest-only single-group designintervention and posttest where measurement is only done within a single group
- 7pretest-posttestresearch design that uses measurement both before and after an intervention or program
- 8single group designinvolves only a single group in measuring outcomes
- 9history threatsoccurs when a historical event affects your study outcome (sth that happened between pre and post test)
- 10maturation threatoccurs as a result of natural maturation, getting older between pre and post test
- 11testing threatwhen taking the pretest affects how participants do on the posttest
- 12instrumentation threatwhen instruments (or observers) differ in pre and post test
- 13mortaility threatoccurs when a lot of participants drop out
- 14regression threat/regression asrtifact/regression to the meancauses a group average performance to appear closer to the mean than it really is, will bias your estimate
- 15selection threat/biasgroups were not comparable before the study, pretest differences between groups
- 16selection-history threatevents that happened between pre and post test that experience the groups differently
- 17selection-maturation threatarises from any differential rates of growth between the pre and post test for the groups
- 18selection-testing threatdifferent affect of taking the pre test exist between groups on the posttest (they learned differently from taking the pre test)
- 19selection-instrumentation threatdifferent instruments used for the groups in pre and posttest
- 20selection-mortality threatdifferent non-random drop-out between pre test and posttest (more drop-outs in one group or a lot of the same ppl drop out bv)
- 21selection-regression (verder aflopen van the mean) threatdifferent rates of regression to the mean in the groups between pre and posttest
- 22quasi-experimental designdesigns that have several of the key factors of randomized experimental designs, pre and post test and treatment-control group comparison, but use nonrandom assignment to choose a group instead of random assignment
- 23social threatssocial research conducted in a real-world context so people will not only react to the study but also to what's happening to others around them (social pressures and contact with other groups)
- 24diffusion or imitation of treatment (social threat)comparison group learns about the program/treatment from the treatment group
- 25compensatory rivalry (social threat)one group knows that other group is getting a treatment/program and gets a competitive attitude
- 26resentful demoralization (social threat)one group know the other group is getting a treatment/program and become discouraged or angry and give up
- 27compensatory equalization of treatment (social threat)control group gets a help from the observer to make up for them not getting a program
- 28(rule out threats) by argumentmake an argument that the threat is not a reasonable one
- 29(rule out threats) by measurement or observationdemonstrating that it does not occur or occurs very minimally
- 30(rule out threats) by analysisstudy the chance that a mortality threat will occur
- 31(rule out threat) by preventive actionwhen you anticipate a threat you can take preventive action to rule them out
- 32time RDtime between cause and effect
- 33treatment or programs RDX
- 34observations or measures RDO
- 35groups or individuals RDR = randomly assigned group, N = non randomly assigned group, C = group assigned using a cutoff score on a measurement
- 36posttest-only randomized experimentgroups are randomly assigned and receive only posttest
- 37pre-post nonequivalent groups quasi-experimentstructured like a randomized experiment but lacking random assignment to groups
- 38posttest-only non experimental designonly posttest, non experimental because there is no control group
- 39expanding across timeinclude additional observations or ad/remove programs (0x0 0x0)
- 40expanding across programsad/remove program, divide into different programe levels
0 x1 0
0 X2 0 - 41expanding across observationsto collect multiple measures
- 42expanding across groupsadding groups to rule out threats to validity
R 0 X 0
R 0 0
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- Flashcards on BRM H8, created by s stevens on 15/12/2021.
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- s stevens
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