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Flashcards

Nervous Tissue SWAY

Jacob Coe FoM Year 1 University - Medicine English 56 cards

Cards in this deck (56)

  1. 1How many cranial nerves are there?12
  2. 2Cranial nerve 1 a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Olfactory
    b) Cribriform plate
    c) Sensory
    d) Smell
  3. 3Cranial nerve II a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Optic nerve
    b) Optic foramen
    c) Sensory
    d) Vision
  4. 4Cranial nerve III a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Oculomotor
    b) Superior orbital fissure
    c) Motor
    d) Eye movement
  5. 5Cranial nerve IV a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Trochlear
    b) Superior orbital fissure
    c) Motor
    d) Eye movement
  6. 6Cranial nerve V a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Trigeminal
    b) Superior orbital fissure
    c) Mixed
    d) Facial sensation
  7. 7Cranial nerve VI a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Abducens
    b) Superior orbital fissure
    c) Motor
    d) Eye movement
  8. 8Cranial nerve VII a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Facial
    b) Internal auditory canal
    c) Mixed
    d) Facial expression
  9. 9Cranial nerve VIII a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Vestibulocochlear
    b) Internal auditory canal
    c) Sensory
    d) Hearing & balance
  10. 10Cranial nerve IX a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Glossopharyngeal
    b) Jugular foramen
    c) Mixed
    d) Oral sensation & taste
  11. 11Cranial nerve X a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Vagus
    b) Jugular foramen
    c) Mixed
    d) taste & stimulation of pharynx & larynx
  12. 12Cranial nerve XI a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Accessory
    b) Jugular foramen
    c) Motor
    d) Shoulder elevation & head rotation
  13. 13Cranial nerve XII a) Name b) Location c) Type of neuron d) Functiona) Hypoglossal
    b) Beneath tongue
    c) Motor
    d) Tongue movement
  14. 14What 3 layers of connective tissue are associated with peripheral nerves?1. Epineurium (surrounds nerve).
    2. Perineurium (surrounds fascicles).
    3. Endoneurium (surrounds nerve fibre).
  15. 15Where does the spinal cord begin?Lower border of foramen magnum.
  16. 16Where does the spinal cord end? What does it form at this point?Level of intervertebral disc between L1 & L2.
    Forms the conus medullaris.
  17. 17Define: Meninges3 layers of connective tissue that line & enclose the skull & spinal cord.
  18. 18What are the 3 layers (superficial --> deep)?1. Dura mater
    2. Arachnoid mater
    3. Pia mater
  19. 19What connects one spinal nerve to another?Dorsal & Ventral roots.
  20. 20How do the dorsal & ventral rootlets attach to the spinal cord?Dorsolaterally & ventrolaterally.
  21. 21What is the function of dorsal rootlets?Transmit sensory information towards the spinal cord.
  22. 22What is the function of ventral rootlets?To transmit motor information from the spinal cord.
  23. 23Where do the spinal nerves emerge from?Intervertebral foramen.
  24. 24Into what structures do the spinal nerves immediately divide?Dorsal & ventral rami.
  25. 25Why do the cervical spinal nerves emerge above their numerical vertebrae?There are 8 cervical spinal nerves but only 7 vertebrae.
    The 8th spinal nerve emerges between C7 and T1.
  26. 26How does the ventral ramus supply the intercostal muscles?Ventral ramus forms the intercostal nerve (passes anteriorly in intercostal space.
  27. 27How is the skin supplied by the intercostal nerve?Lateral cutaneous branch (lateral chest).
    Anterior cutaneous branch (anterior chest).
  28. 28What do the lowest of the intercostal nerves supply?Oblique muscles & overlying skin.
  29. 29What muscles does the dorsal ramus supply?Erector spinae muscles (and skin over these muscles).
  30. 30Define: Dermatome.Area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve.
  31. 31Define: Myotome.A region of skeletal muscle innervated by a single spinal nerve.
  32. 32What forms the somatic plexuses?Ventral rami of spinal nerves
  33. 33What do somatic plexuses supply?Skin
    Voluntary skeletal muscle
    Joints
  34. 34Where are autonomic plexuses located?Thorax
    Abdomen
    Pelvis
  35. 35What do autonomic plexuses supply?Blood vessels & viscera.
  36. 36What are perivascular plexuses?Plexuses which accompany major arteries.
  37. 37What are the 4 somatic plexuses?Cervical plexus
    Brachial plexus
    Lumbar plexus
    Sacral plexus
  38. 38What spinal nerves form the cervical plexus?C1-C4
  39. 39What structures does the cervical plexus supply?Skin & muscles of the head, neck & shoulder.
  40. 40What spinal nerves form the brachial plexus?C5-T1.
  41. 41What does the brachial plexus supply?Skin & muscles of the upper limb.
  42. 42What are the 5 nerves of the brachial plexus & what do they supply?1. Axillary nerve - supplies region around the shoulder.
    2. Radial nerve - supplies posterior aspect of upper limb.
    3. Musculocutaneous nerve - supplies anterior aspect of upper limb.
    4. Ulnar nerve - Supplies anterior of forearm & hand medially.
    5. Median nerve - supplies anterior of forearm & hand laterally.
  43. 43What spinal nerves form the lumbar plexus?L1-L4.
  44. 44What does the lumbar plexus supply?Muscle & skin of anterior & medial aspect of thigh.
  45. 45Via what 2 nerves does the lumbar plexus supply the thigh?Femoral nerve
    Obturator nerve
  46. 46What spinal nerves form the sacral plexus?L4-S4.
  47. 47What does the sacral plexus suplply?Skin & muscles of posterior aspect of thigh & leg & foot via sciatic nerve.
  48. 48From which layer of the trilaminar disc does the skin of limbs derive from?Ectoderm.
  49. 49From which layer of the trilaminar disc is the musculoskeletal system derived from?Mesoderm
  50. 50What occurs during musculoskeletal development in week 4?upper & lower buds appear.
    Ectoderm (at bud tip) forms thickening --> apical ectodermal ridge (AER).
  51. 51What are the 2 functions of teh Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER)?1. Directs proximodistal growth of limb.
    2. Promotes proliferation of cells underlying undifferentiated embryonic connective tissue via molecular signalling --> cartilage & muscle formation.
  52. 52What occurs during week 6 of musculoskeletal development?Distal part of limb buds form handplates & footplates.
    Digits formed by apoptosis in sections of AER.
  53. 53Define: Amelia.Complete absence of a limb due to a developmental abnormality.
  54. 54Define: Meromelia.Partial absence of a limb due to a developmental abnormality.
  55. 55In what direction does the upper limb rotate during development?Laterally
  56. 56In what direction does the lower limb bend during development?Medially

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University - Medicine FoM Year 1 (Anatomy FoM) Flashcards on Nervous Tissue SWAY, created by Jacob Coe on 10/01/2022.
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Jacob Coe
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