Flashcards
Vasculitis
Cards in this deck (36)
- 1What is vasculitis?Immune system attacks and damages blood vessels - causes them to become swollen and narrow
- 2What can trigger vasculitis?Medication or infection
- 3Churg-Strauss syndrome is a type of vasculitis that mainly maffects what age group?30-45-year-olds
- 4What can Churg-Strauss syndrome cause?- Asthma
- Cold like symptoms
- High temp
Muscle/joint pain
- Affects nerves - 5What medication can be used to treat it?Prednisolone (corticosteroid)
Methotrexate or Azathiprine (immunosuppressant) - 6What does giant cell arteritis?Vasculitis that affects the arteries in the head and neck
- 7What age group does giant cell arteritis mainly affect?Adults over 50-years-of-age
- 8What can giant cell arteritis also be known as and why?Temporal arteritis - as it affects the blood vessels around the temples
- 9What can giant cell arteritis cause (symptoms)?Aching and soreness in the jaw
Jaw muscle pain when eating
Headache
Double vision or vision loss - 10What condition does giant cell arteritis commonly occur alongside?Polymyalgia rheumatica
- 11How can you treat giant cell arteritis?Prednisolone
Los dose aspirin
Proton pump inhibitors
Bisphosphonate therapy
Immunosuppressants - 12How does taking a corticosteroid like Prednisolone help with vasculitis?Reduces inflammation as it is a steroid
- 13Why do patients with giant cell arteritis take low-dose aspirin?To reduce risk of stroke or heart attack
- 14Why do patients with giant cell arteritis take proton pump inhibitors?To reduce risk of a stomach ulcer
- 15What does bisphosphonate therapy reduce for someone with giant cell arteritis?Reduces risk of osteoporosis when taking prednisolone
- 16What effect do immunosuppressants have on giant cell arteritis?To allow steroid medication to be reduced and help prevent return of temporal arteritis
- 17Which type of vasculitis affects the blood vessels in the nose, sinuses, ears, lungs, and kidney?Wegener's granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
- 18What can Wegener's granulomatosis cause in the head and neck region?- Inflammation of sinuses (sinusitis)
- Facial pain
- Earache
- Hearing loss
- Blocked or runny nose
- Nosebleeds and crusting of nostrils
- Coughing up blood - 19What can be seen on a patient's skin who has Wegener's granulomatosis?- Rashes
- Lumps
- Purple spots
- Swollen eyelids - 20Which immunosuppressant drug can be prescribed for this type of vasculitis?Methotrexate
- 21Which kind of vasculitis is rare and occurs in children?Henoch-Shonlein purpura
- 22What is Henoch-Schonlein purpura said to be triggered by?The body reacting to an infection
- 23What are the symptoms of Henoch-Schonlein purpura?Rash that looks like small bruises or reddish-purple spots
Joint pain
Abdominal pain
Sickness/diarrhea
Blood in urine/poo - 24If a patient under 5 presents with a swollen neck, redness inside the mouth, red eyes, dry cracked lips and a 'strawberry tongue', what disease are they most likely to haveKawasaki disease
- 25What age group does Kawasaki disease affect?Children under 5
- 26What are the 2 main treatments for Kawasaki disease?Intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin
- 27Which type of vasculitis causes pain, stiffness in the shoulders, neck, and hips which is worse after waking up?Polymyalgia rheumatica
- 28Polymyalgia rheumatica is closely related to what other type of vasculitis?Giant cell arteritis
- 29Polymyalgia rheumatica can develop into a more serious condition known as __________Temporal arteritis
- 30What are the symptoms of temporal arteritis?- Severe headache
- Scalp feels sore and tender
- Pain in jaw muscles when testing
- Double/loss of vision - 31What type of rare vasculitis can cause numbness, pain, and coldness of the limbs?Takayasu arteritis
- 32Mouth & genital ulcers, acne-like spots, headaches, and painful, stiff, and swollen joints are symptoms of what syndrome?Behcet's syndrome
- 33What medications are prescribed for Behcet's syndrome?Steroids
Immunopsuppressants - 34Rheumatoid vasculitis is a complication of which disease?Rheumatoid arthritis
- 35What are the symptoms of rheumatoid vasculitis?- Skin rashes
- Ulcers
- Numbness, pins, and needles
- Muscle weakness
- Inflammation around the heart (pericarditis)
- Inflammation of eyes, redness, impaired vision - 36How is rheumatoid vasculitis treated?Immunosuppressants (azathiprine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate)
Biological therapy (Rituximab)
Steroids