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| Question | Answer |
| Today’s IT infrastructure is composed of five major components | computer hardware, computer software, data management technology, networking and telecommunications technology, technology services |
| System software | manages the resources and activities of the computer. |
| Application software | applies the computer to a specific task for an end user, such as processing an order or generating a mailing list. |
| Data management software | organizes, manages, and processes business data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors. |
| The principal storage technologies are | magnetic disks, optical disc, magnetic tape, and storage networks. |
| magnetic disk | A secondary storage medium in which data are stored by means of magnetized spots on a hard or floppy disk. |
| magnetic tape | Inexpensive, older secondary- storage medium in which large volumes of information are stored sequentially by means of magnetized and non magnetized spots on tape |
| A USB flash drive | provides portable flash memory storage by plugging into a computer’s USB port. It can provide up to 256 gigabytes of portable storage capacity and is small enough to fit into a pocket. |
| Optical Discs | These discs use laser technology to store large quantities of data, including sound and images, in a highly compact form. They are available for both PCs and large computers. |
| CD- ROM ( compact disk read- only memory) | Read- only optical disk storage used for imaging, reference, and database applications with massive amounts of unchanging data and for multimedia. |
| Digital video discs ( DVDs) | are optical discs the same size as CD- ROMs but of even higher capacity, storing a minimum of 4.7 gigabytes of data. |
| Input devices | gather data and convert them into electronic form for use by the computer. ex. keyboard |
| output devices | Device that displays data after they have been processed. ex. monitor |
| Cloud computing | refers to a model of computing in which firms and individuals obtain computing resources and software applications over the Internet ( also referred to as “ the cloud”). |
| Cloud computing consists of three different types of services | Cloud infrastructure as a service Cloud platform as a service Cloud software as a service |
| operating system. | The system software that manages and controls the computer’s activities |
| Software As a Service ( SaaS) | •Services for delivering and providing access to software remotely as a Web- based service. •Users paying either on a subscription or per- transaction basis. ex. Salesforce.com |
| open source software | Linux is an example of , which provides all computer users with free access to its program code, so they can modify the code to fix errors or to make improvements. |
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