Flashcards
Therapeutic Exercise
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1purposeful activitygoal-directed behaviors or tasks that comprise occupations. An activity is purposeful if the individual is an active, voluntary participant and if the activity is directed toward a goal that the individual considers meaningful
- 2non-purposeful activityactivity that does not have an inherent goal other than motor function to perform the activity (enabling, adjunctive modalities)
- 3enabling activities-non-purposeful
-used when the clinical environment cannot be fully equipped to meet occupational needs of the client, not goal directed but engage the client and simulate occupation
-stacking cones, sanding boards - 4adjunctive activities-non-purposeful
-modalities used to prepare the client for function, as a preparation for engagement in purposeful/occupation-based activities
-therapeutic exercise - 5therapeutic exercise-any body movement or muscle contraction to prevent or correct a physical impairment, improve musculoskeletal function and maintain a state of well-being
-not occupation based, as there isn't a goal
-adjunctive and preliminary to purposeful activity - 6therapeutic exercise frames of reference-biomechanical
-rehabilitative - 7purpose of therapeutic exercise-give a sense of “normal” movement (develop awareness of normal movement patterns; improve voluntary, automatic movement responses)
-improve strength and endurance (increase power/endurance of specific muscles or muscle groups)
-improve ROM and eliminate, prevent loss of ROM and contractures from developing
-improve coordination
-increase work tolerance and physical endurance through increase strength - 8therapeutic exercise contraindications-poor health
-inflamed joints
-recent surgery
-upper motor neuron disorders - 9isometric contractionno joint motion occurs, muscle length remains the same. Can be performed without resistance or against outside resistance
- 10concentric contractionjoint motion is occurring as the muscle shortens. Can be performed with or without resistance
- 11eccentric contractionfrom a shortened position, the tension in the muscle increases or remains constant, while the muscle lengthens. Can be performed with or without resistance, used to control, slow-down the lengthening of a muscle
- 12types of therapeutic exercisePassive
Passive Stretch
Active-Assisted
Active
Active Stretch
Resistive
Progressive resistive exercise (PRE)
Isometric - 13passive exercise (PROM)-the joint and joints to be exercised are moved through their normal ROM manually by the therapist, by the
client, or by external device
-no muscle contraction occurs
-joint proximal to joint being exercised to be stabilized
-muscle grade: zero (0) to trace (1)
-purpose: maintain ROM, prevent contracture, adhesion, and deformity - 14passive stretch exercise-the therapist moves the joint through the available ROM and holds momentarily, applying a gentle but firm force or stretch at the end of range
-stretches soft tissue structures around joint
-no quick stretch-hold for a few seconds
-muscle grade: zero (0) to normal (5)
-purpose: increase ROM - 15active-assisted exercise (AAROM)-the client moves the joint through partial ROM, and the therapist or mechanical device completes the rest of the ROM
-muscle grade: trace (1), poor minus (2-), fair minus (3-)
-purpose: maintain ROM, increase strength - 16active stretch exercise-the client uses the force of the agonist muscle to increase the length of the antagonist
-muscle grade: good (4) to normal (5)
-increase ROM - 17active exercise (AROM)-the client independently moves the joint through its available ROM against NO outside resistance; with gravity minimized or against gravity (depending on muscle grade).
-muscle grade: poor (2), fair (3), or higher
-purpose: increase strength, maintain ROM - 18resistive exercise-the client uses concentric and/or eccentric muscle contraction against specific amount of weight to move a the load through a certain ROM (e.g. holding a weight).
-muscle grade: fair plus (3+) to normal (5) against gravity, poor plus (2+) with gravity minimized
-purpose: increase strength - 19progressive restrictive exercise (PRE)-based on the overload principle: muscle will perform more efficiently if given a warm-up period and must be taxed beyond usual daily activity to improve in performance and strength
-two methods: DeLorme, Oxford
-muscle grade: Fair plus (3+) to normal (5)
-purpose: increase strength - 20PRE DeLorme-the client performs exercise that consists of three sets of 10 repetitions
-1st set, 10 repetitions at 50% of maximal resistance;
-2nd set, 10 repetitions at 75% of maximal resistance;
-3rd set, 10 repetitions at 100% (Full) maximal resistance. - 21PRE Oxford-the client performs exercise that consists of three sets of 10 repetitions, but “REVERSE” of the DeLorme method
-1st set, 10 repetitions at 100% (Full) of maximal resistance;
-2nd set, 10 repetitions at 75% of maximal resistance;
-3rd set, 10 repetitions at 50% maximal resistance. - 22isometric exercise without resistance-when active motion is not possible or is contraindicated.
-useful for clients in casts, after surgery and with arthritis or burns. Client “sets” or contracts the muscle and holds for several seconds
-muscle grade: anything above trace (1)
-purpose: maintain muscle strength - 23isometric exercise with resistance-isometric muscle contraction performed against some outside resistance (e.g. holding a weight, resisting against a solid surface such as using elbow extensors to push down against a table top while elbow is flexed to 90 degrees).
-used when joint motion is contraindicated.
-muscle grade: fair plus (3+) to Normal (5) against gravity, poor plus (2+) gravity minimized
purpose: increase muscle strength - 24muscle grades-0: zero (no contraction)
-1: trace (contraction, but no movement)
-2-: poor minus (moves through incomplete ROM gravity min
-2: poor (moves through complete ROM gravity min)
-2+: poor plus (moves through less than 50% of ROM against gravity)
-3-: fair minus (moves through more than 50% of ROM against gravity
-3: fair (moves through complete ROM against gravity
-3+: fair plus (moves through complete ROM against gravity and slight resistance)
-4: good (moves through complete ROM against gravity and mod resistance)
-5: normal (moves through complete ROM against gravity and max resistance)
Information
- Description
- Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) Young Adults Flashcards on Therapeutic Exercise, created by Diana Fitts on 10/10/2015.
- Created by
- Diana Fitts · Oct 2015
- Updated
- Apr 6, 2018
- Views
- 11
- Rating