Flashcards
Lecture One--Studying Mammals
Cards in this deck (29)
- 1EukaryaOrganism with cells that contain a nucleus
- 2Animaliamobile, multicellular, and heterotrophic eukaryotes
- 3Chordataanimal with notochord dorsal hollow nerve chord post-anal tail, pharyngeal slits
- 4Vertebratechordates with vertebrae and cranium
- 5Tetrapodavertebrates with four limbs
- 6AmniotaTetrapods with amnion, chorion, and allantois
- 7Synapsidaamniotes with a single temporal opening on each side of the skull
- 8Mammaliasynapsids with a dentary-squamosal jaw joint
- 9Endothermy and High metabolic rate ADVANTAGES: Mammals are able to live in many different climates, able to be active at many different times of the day/year DISADVANTAGES: constant need to consume energy to power body temp regulation, larger need for processing and consuming food efficientlyWhat are two key characteristics of mammals? What do these advantages confer?
- 10Complex Teeth and Chewing Muscles foraging strategies locomotor specializations body size variability big brains hair complex social systemsWhat adaptations arose in mammals to make them more suitable for their environments?
- 11In order to support specialized senses and promote advantageous responsesWhy are mammalian brains large?
- 12form of insulation that prevents heat from escaping and supports endothermyWhy did mammals develop hair?
- 13Oviparous and viviparous birth milk via mammary glands Therians: long gestation and postnatal assosciationsMammalian Parental Care stipulations?
- 14producing young by means of eggs that are hatched after they have been laid by the parent (e.g. monotremes--Platypus (Ornithorhynchus) and Echidna (Tachyglossidae))Oviparous meaning? Examples of these mammals.
- 15live birth (eg humans, dogs, cats, etc)Viviparous meaning? Examples of these mammals
- 16moving nutrients, keystone species (e.g. sea otters), ecosystem engineers (beavers, elephants, humans) are resources too (beef industry)How do mammals form critical components of the ecosystem?
- 17Zoonoses reservoir/vectors for disease a disease which can be transmitted to humans from animalsreservoir/vectors for disease
a disease which can be transmitted to humans from animals - 18exploit for food protection from predators domesticationWhat role did mammals serve in pre-written history? How? >600BCE
- 19GalenWhich Roman physician was essential to the furthering of human medicine and human cadaver dissection?
- 20CNS controlled pig squeals NOT HEART (as previously thought)What did Galen prove via his dissection of pigs in public?
- 21Carolus Linnaeus 1707-1778responsible for binomial nomenclature
- 22Mark Catesby 1683-1749English naturalist who studied the flora and fauna of the New World
Between 1729 and 1747 he published his Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands, the first published account of the flora and fauna of North America. - 23to find resources to exploitWhat was the goal of European explorers in the 1600s?
- 24Biologists that documented plants and animals that could be used for profitWhat is a naturalist (17-18th century definition)?
- 25Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon 1707-1788defined a species as a group of animals that could produce fertile offspring
influenced: Charles Darwin, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Georges Cuvier, Nicolas Desmarest - 26John James Audubon 1785-1851attempted to paint and describe all the birds of America
- 27J.W. Goethe 1749-1832coined the term morphology
focused on the study of form
proposed that higher organisms structural variations came from a common ancestors (Simpler form) - 28Richard Owen 1804-1892introduced the idea of homology--homologous structures
- 29Georges Cuvier 1739-1832one of the most important naturalists throughout history--proposed the idea of comparative anatomy
1. fossils document extinction
2. correlation of parts--functional morphology
3. provided a new classification of animals
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- undergraduate Mammalogy Lecture Flashcards on Lecture One--Studying Mammals, created by Emalee Schuler on 03/10/2022.
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