Flashcards
Informal Fallacies
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1Ad Hominemwhen a conclusion is an attack upon someone's view, position, or argument but the premise (s) attack the person holding the position, view or argument instead of the argument itself
- 2Ad Populumwhen one invites the acceptance of a conclusion by inappropriate appeal to emotions
- 3Bandwagonan appeal to the number of people who hold a view or the length of time it has been held
- 4Bogus Authorityusing as a premise someone who is not an "expert" in the field
- 5Argument to Ignorancean attempt to sustain a factual position based on the lack of evidence for the opposing view
- 6Begging the Questionrather than supplying grounds for supporting a claim, simply assuming it is true
- 7Fallacy of Oppositionwhen one argues that a conclusion should be accepted simply because an opponent holds the opposing view
- 8Non-sequituroffering an irrelevant conclusion that has nothing to do with the premises
- 9Red Herringintroducing an issue that is intended to distract or divert attention from the real issue
- 10Poisoning the Wellmaking an assertion that precludes or discourages open discussion of an issue
- 11Hasty Generalizationdrawing a conclusion based on too little evidence (aka too small sample)
- 12Sweeping Generalizationassuming that a quality extends to every member of a particular group (stereotyping)
- 13Fallacy of Compositionassuming that what is true of the parts is true of the whole
- 14Fallacy of Divisionassuming what is true of the whole is true of the parts
- 15Slippery Slopearguing that one thing inevitably lends to another without any additional support (aka domino/ripple effect)
- 16Weak Analogyusing a comparison between two things that are not sufficiently alike to draw a conclusion that since they have some characteristics in common they must have all characteristics in common
- 17False Causeassuming that simply because B follows A in some sort of chronological or statistical order, that B must have caused A
- 18False Dilemmaarguing that one thing or the other must be true and that if one is true the other must not be when there are more than two alternatives
- 19Gambler's Fallacyarguing that something is more or less likely to happen based on an erroneous representation of the odds
- 20Equivocationthe shifting of the meaning of a given term within a single argument
- 21Special Pleadingwhen an argument judges and labels the same act differently, depending on the person(s) or group(s) who are performing that act (double standard)
- 22Straw Manwhen a person creates a distorted version of the opposite side and then attacks it
Information
- Description
- Flashcards on Informal Fallacies, created by Regina Izydorczak on 03/11/2022.
- Created by
- Regina Izydorczak · Nov 2022
- Updated
- Nov 3, 2022
- Views
- 0
- Rating