Flashcards
Physics Chapter 6 :p
Cards in this deck (28)
- 1How to convert from Celsius to Kelvin, Kelvin to Celsius formulaTk=Tc+273
Tc=Tk-273 - 2What did the people in the eighteenth century think abt warmth and coldnessThey believed in a massless fluid called caloric that brought warmth and coldness, they believed it flowed naturally. this is wrong because it was later found to be that friction created heat.
- 3What is the kinetic molecular theoryMatter is composed of particles that attract each other and have kinetic energy. Kinetic energy causes particles to be in a state of constant motion. An increase in the motion of particles in the substance=warmth, decrease in motion=cold.
- 4What is Thermal EnergyThe total amount of kinetic and potential energy possessed by the particles of a substance. thermal energy determines how fast particles move and how cold or hot an object is
- 5Explain why its not possible to measure the total amount of thermal energy in an objectIts impossible to measure the kinetic energy and potential energy in every particle within an object that's why there's thermometers to measure the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
- 6Explain how a thermometor worksas the temperature of a substance increases, the particles move around rapidly causing it bump into the slow moving particles of glass in the thermometer. the glass particles start moving fast that it bumps into mercury, and the mercury will spread out and take space in the thermometer causing it rise .
- 7What is condensationcondensation is when a gas changes into liquid
- 8What two things have to be the same to have the same amount of thermal energyMass and Material of an object
- 9What is heatHeat is the transfer of thermal energy from a substance that's hot to cold
- 10Give an example of conduction, convection, and radiationConduction-a cold spoon stirring hot tea, the particles in the tea go to the spoon but the tea cools down.
Convection- A boiler on stove, the water at the bottom becomes hot first, and the cold water sinks to the bottom and it turns to a continuous current
Radiation-The sun to the earth - 11What is the difference between a thermal conductor and insulatorA thermal conductor could be metal or any material that is a good conductor of thermal energy. A thermal insulator is any material that's a poor conductor of thermal energy, could be a carpet but a vacuum(ex is a thermos) is the best insulator
- 12What is specific heat capacitythe amount of energy needed to increase the temp of 1kg of a substance by 1 celsius
- 13What is the principle of thermal energy exchangewhen a warm object comes in contact with a cool object, the thermal energy of the warm object will exchange all is energy until both objects are evenly distributed
- 14What is thermal expansion and how is it important to civil engineers, who design various types of structuresThermal expansion is the increase of volume in an object due to an increase in temperature. This is important to specifically civil engineers because they must keep the points and take account for the weather they may experience. For ex, rubber spacers can help for metal framed windows if the size changes because of the temperature.
- 15What is thermal contractionthe contraction of a substance when it cools down
- 16What does it mean to absorb thermal energy and release thermal energyAbsorbing thermal energy is when the particles of a substance starts to move fast and farther apart.
Releasing thermal energy means that the particles of a substance come closer and have less motion. - 17What is fusionthe process by which a solid changes into a liquid
- 18Can liquid water go past 100 degrees celsius, explain why notLiquid water cant go past 100 degrees celisus because when thermal energy is being absorbed, the boiling point of water being 100 degrees celsius does not change until there's no more form of liquid water is left. If it is past 100 degrees, it means that the water is no longer liquid but vapour.
- 19What do the angles in heating and cooling graphs representThe angled sections of these graphs mean there is a temperature change. for example in a cooling graph it could be "liquid water cooling down" or "liquid water warming up" in a heating graph. On the other hand, when it's flat, it means there is a change of state occurs
- 20What is the relationship between the change of thermal energy in a substance resulting in potential energy?When a substance melts, boils, condenses, or freezes, the absorbed or released thermal energy is transferred into potential energy.
- 21What is the abosrbed or released thermal energy during a change of state calledLatent heat
- 22What is the latent heat of fusionthe amount of thermal energy absorbed when a substance melts or released when it freezes or goes from liquid->solid or solid<-liquid
- 23What is specific latent heat of vaporizationthe amount of thermal energy needed to evaporate or condense 1 kg of a substance (melt or freeze for specific latent heat)
- 24how would you calculate the amount of thermal energy absorbed when given two temperaturesuse q=mcΔt
then use q=mLv or mLf - 25Why is water a special liquid-it has two hydrogen atoms
-it floats in its own liquid, for ex iron block cant float in iron liquid - 26What is the difference between electric heating systems and a forced-air heating systemAn electric heating system generates thermal energy by passing electric currents and forced-air systems use hot air to generate thermal energy in a building.
- 27What is a coiled bimetallic strip and mercury switch used forto sense the temperature of the environment and to turn the furnace or air conditioner on or off, this strip and switch is located inside a thermometer.
- 28What is a geothermal system and how do they worka geothermal system transfers thermal energy from under earth's surface into a building. They use heat pumps to transfers earths natural thermal energy for heating and cooling
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- u could skip some of the flashcards, I used the nelson textbook
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- Aarthy Antongunaraja
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