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Flashcards

Chapter 25-30 Terms Environmental Science

ahroldan English 63 cards

Cards in this deck (63)

  1. 1Hazy air pollution that contains a variety of pollutants including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, tropospheric ozone, and particulatesSMOG
  2. 2Pollution that enters the air from a readily identifiable source such as a smokestackPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION
  3. 3Air pollutants released directly from both mobile sources and stationary sourcesPRIMARY AIR POLLUTANTS
  4. 4The concept that access to a clean, healthy environment is a basic human rightENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE
  5. 5Free government money or resources intended to promote desired activitiesSUBSIDIES
  6. 6Any material added to the atmosphere that harms living organisms, affects climate, or impacts structuresAIR POLLUTION
  7. 7Pollution that enters the air from dispersed or mobile sourcesNON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION
  8. 8Regulations that set an upper allowable limit of pollution release which is enforced with fines and/or incarcerationCOMMAND AND CONTROL
  9. 9Air pollutants formed when primary air pollutants react with one another or with other chemicals in the airSECONDARY AIR POLLUTANTS
  10. 10Pollution that is produced in one area but falls in a different state or nationTRANSBOUNDARY POLLUTION
  11. 11Particles or droplets small enough to remain aloft in the air for long periods of timePARTICULATE MATTER
  12. 12The meteorological conditions in a given place on a given dayWEATHER
  13. 13Changes caused by an initial event that then accentuate the original eventPOSITIVE FEEDBACK LOOPS
  14. 14Efforts intended to minimize the extent or impact of a problem such as climate changeMITIGATION
  15. 15The ability of a surface to reflect away solar radiationALBEDO
  16. 16Changes caused by an initial event that trigger events which then reverse the responseNEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOPS
  17. 17Caused by or related to human actionANTHROPOGENIC
  18. 18Alteration in the long-term patterns and statistical averages of meteorological eventsCLIMATE CHANGE
  19. 19Molecules in the atmosphere that absorb heat and reradiate it back to EarthGREENHOUSE GASES
  20. 20Efforts intended to help deal with a problem that exists, such as climate changeADAPTATION
  21. 21Long-term patterns or trends of meteorological conditionsCLIMATE
  22. 22Anything that alters the balance of incoming solar radiation relative to the amount of heat that escapes out into spaceRADIATIVE FORCER
  23. 23Material from living or recently living organisms or their byproductsBIOMASS
  24. 24Plants that live for a year, produce seed, and then dieANNUAL
  25. 25Farming method in which one variety of one crop is planted, typically in rows over large areas with large inputs of fertilizer, pesticides, and waterMONOCULTURE
  26. 26An alcohol fuel made from crops like corn and sugarcane in a process of fermentation and distillationBIOETHANOL
  27. 27A liquid fuel made from vegetable oil, animal fats, or waste oil that can be used directly in diesel internal combustion machinesBIODIESEL
  28. 28Biomass sources used to make biofuelsFEEDSTOCK
  29. 29Bioethanol made by breaking down cellulose in plants; a difficult process that has yet to be scaled up to meet large production goalsCELLULOSIC ETHANOL
  30. 30Plants that live for more than a year, growing and producing seed year after yearPERENNIAL
  31. 31Solids, liquids or gases that produce energy from biological materialBIOFUELS
  32. 32Crops specifically grown to be used to produce biofuelsFUEL CROPS
  33. 33The storage of carbon in a form that does not readily release the carbon to the atmosphere or waterCARBON SEQUESTRATION
  34. 34Everyday garbage or trash (solid waste) produced by individuals or small businessesMUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW)
  35. 35Waste that is toxic, flammable, corrosive, explosive, or radioactiveHAZARDOUS WASTE
  36. 36Water that carries solutes (often contaminated) that can percolate through soilLEACHATE
  37. 37Places where trash, both hazardous and nonhazardous, is simply piled upOPEN DUMPS
  38. 38The first of the waste-reduction “4 Rs”: Choose NOT to use or buy a product if you can do without itREFUSE
  39. 39Reprocessing items to make new productsRECYCLE
  40. 40Any material that humans deem to be unwantedWASTE
  41. 41The second of the waste-reduction “4 Rs”: Make choices that allow you to use less of a resource by, for instance, purchasing durable goods that will last or can be repairedREDUCE
  42. 42Capable of being broken down by living organismsBIODEGRADEABLE
  43. 43Facilities that burn trash at high temperaturesINCINERATORS
  44. 44Unwanted computers and other electronic devices such as televisions and cell phones that are discardedE-WASTE
  45. 45Energy released when an atom is split (fission) or combines with another to form a new atom (fusion); can be tapped to generate electricity.Nuclear energy
  46. 46Atoms that have different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus but the same number of protons.Isotopes
  47. 47Atoms that spontaneously emit subatomic particles and / or energyRadioactive
  48. 48The time it takes for half of the radioactive isotopes in a sample to decay to a new formRadioactive half-life
  49. 49Nuclear reaction that occurs when a neutron in their nucleus but the same number of protons.Nuclear fission
  50. 50Material that has a low level of radiation for its volumeLow-level radioactive waste (LLRW)
  51. 51Spent fuel rods or nuclear weapons production waste that is still highly radioactiveHigh-level radioactive waste (HHRW)
  52. 52Energy from sources that are replenished over short time scales or that are perpetually available.Renewable energy
  53. 53Energy sources that are renewable and have a low environmental impact.Sustainable energy source
  54. 54Energy contained in the motion of air cross Earth’s surfaceWind energy
  55. 55Energy harnessed from the Sun in the form of heat or lightSolar energy
  56. 56Also called solar cells, PV cells convert solar energy directly into electricity.Photovoltaic (PV) cells
  57. 57The use of mechanical equipment to capture, convert, and sometimes concentrate solar energy into a more usable formActive solar technologies
  58. 58An active technology that captures solar energy for heating.Solar thermal system
  59. 59The capture of solar energy (heat and light) without any electronic or mechanical assistance.Passive solar technologies
  60. 60A system that actively moves heat from the underground into a house to warm it removes heat from a house to cool itGeothermal energy
  61. 61The amount of time it would take to save enough money in operation costs to pay for the equipment.Payback time
  62. 62Power plants that use the heat of hydrothermal reservoirs to produce steam and turn turbines to generate electricity.Geothermal power plants
  63. 63The energy produced from moving waterHydropower

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Flashcards on Chapter 25-30 Terms Environmental Science, created by ahroldan on 23/11/2013.
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ahroldan
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