Flashcards
Midterm 2
Cards in this deck (30)
- 1What is fire?Fire is an oxidation/combustion reaction that is exothermic
- 2What are the three necessary components to fire?Fuel, heat, oxygen
- 3At what % of hypoxia will you die?6-7%
- 4What is smoke inhalation injury?It is the inhalation of thermal or chemical irritants
- 5Where does thermal injury tend to occur?Upper airway above the vocal cords
- 6How does thermal injury occur?Heat destroy epithelium, denatures proteins and stimulates histamine release leading to inflammation and edema
- 7What happens to your trachea when it has thermal injuryhard, rough, dry, and whitish
- 8Which gas is the leading COD in fires?Carbon monoxide
- 9What does CO smell like?It is a tasteless, odorless, colourless gas
- 10How much more attracted is hemoglobin to CO than O2?210x
- 11Post-mortem findings of CO?cherry red color skin
- 12What is the smell of hydrogen cyanide and how does it react?It has taste and smell of bitter almonds, and it interferes with cellular use of oxygen in mitochondria
- 13How is HCN released in house fires?Burning of furniture
- 14Post-mortem findings of HCNbright pink skin, nail beds, bright venous blood, bitter almond odour from body viscera
- 15What is the leading cause of death of Hydrogen sulfide?workplace; refineries, crude oil, volcanoes, etc.
- 16What is the smell of H2S?low conc= rotten eggs, high conc. = sweet smell
- 17How does H2S impact body?Impacts central nervous system: affects respiration, circulation, and heart rate. Reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood
- 18Post-mortem findings of H2S?acute bleeding from lungs, tissues fill with blood, tardieu spots, green tinge in the brain
- 19only epidermis affected, skin red and painful, skin is very dry, heals in 3-5 daysFirst degree burn
- 20Epidermis and dermis are affected, blisters, wound will be red/pink, painful and appear wet. Wound will blanch when pressure is applied, heals in 10-21 days w/out skin graftSecond degree burn
- 21Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis are destroyed, black or white, dry and leathery, very little to no pain, will not blanch, requires several months to heal with skin graftsthird degree burn
- 22Entired integument is destroyed down into muscle and bone, wounds are black, dry, charred and crisp, painless, healing impossibleFourth degree burn
- 23Rules of nineshead 9%, arms 9% each, legs 18% each groan 1%, hands 1% each, front chest 18%, back chest 18%
- 24heat causes the proteins in the body's muscle to denature and dehydrate, flexion of wrists, elbows, hips and kneesPugilistic stance
- 25What temp. and time frame does cremation occur at?1600-1800C for ~ 3hours
- 26heat denatures proteins causing the skin to retract and split along lines of cleavage(collagen fibers)Heat ruptures
- 27skin and muscles will be charred, with exposed bones displaying cracks due to heat, skull shows temporal bone fractures radiating out from a central point and crosses suture linesFire fractures
- 28blood and bone marrow in the spongy bone of the skull boil under intense heat. Extrudes from the bone and deposits between the dura and the skull bones. Appear brown, granular, flakyHeat Hematoma
- 29Post-mortem findings of fire-related artifactspugilistic stance, heat rupture, fire fractures, and heat hematoma
- 30—
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- 3833 Thenatobiology Flashcards on Midterm 2, created by Jane MacKay on 26/10/2015.
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- Jane MacKay
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