Flashcards
01 Handout 01
Cards in this deck (33)
- 1expresses a set of detailed instructions or standard form of commands, containing unique keywords and syntax, which are compiled to perform a specific task by the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer.Computer Programming Language
- 2These are programming languages that deal with a computer's hardware components and constraints, and work to manage a computer's operational semantics.Low-Level Languages
- 3It is a low-level language that uses short human-readable instructions, also known as mnemonic codes, which allow programmers to introduce names for block of memory that hold data.Assembly language
- 4It is a low-level language composed of a set of executable instructions that are in binary formal, also known as numeric code.Machine language
- 5These are programming languages that enable program development through user-friendly programming context, which are generally independent of the computer's hardware architecture.High-Level Languages
- 6is a computer software that translates (compiles) source codes written in high-level language into a set of low-level language instructions that can be understood by a computer's CPU.Compiler
- 7The scanner reads the characters in the source code, from left to right, and groups it to have a collective meaning.Scanning
- 8The compiler converts the groups of characters into series of characters known as tokens.Lexical Analysis
- 9The compiler checks the proper arrangement of the tokens as per their usage in the corresponding source code grammar.Syntactic Analysis
- 10This phase involves several intermediate processes. In general, this examines whether the constructed parse tree complies with the rules of the language.Semantic Analysis
- 11It is a program that translates assembly language into machine codes that can be executed by the computer.Assembler
- 12It is the machine language representation of a programming source code wherein it encompasses a sequence of statements in binary form that are generated after compiling a particular source program.Object Code
- 13It is a utility program that combines one (1) or more object files from separately compiled programs into a single file containing loadable or executable codes.Linker
- 14It is the output file, or program, of a linker that indicates tasks according to the encoded instructions the central processing unit (CPU) can directly execute.Executable Code
- 15is a major part of an operating system that is responsible for loading executable files, including libraries, into the memory and executes them.Loader
- 16It is the general term for a programming language processor that converts a computer program from one (1) language to another.Translator
- 17is an integrated electronic circuit that performs the calculations that runs a computer.Processor
- 18This manages the overall operation of the processor.Control Unit (CU)
- 19This is a combinational circuit that executes the actual computations and bit manipulation operations in a processor under the direction of the control unit.Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- 20This is a temporary internal storage that serves as source and destination locations for instruction operations.Register Set
- 21The processor reads the instruction from memory, which can be a register, cache, or the main memory.Fetch instruction
- 22The instruction is decoded to determine required actions.Interpret instruction
- 23The execution of an instruction may require reading data from memory or an input/output (I/O) module.Fetch data
- 24The execution of an instruction may require some arithmetic or logical operation on data.Process data
- 25The result of an execution may require writing data to memory or an I/O module.Write data
- 26is the smallest unit of information in a digital computer.Bit
- 27is composed of eight bits placed together to form a single value.Byte
- 28the ultimate numeric value is determined by the position the number holds, and not by the number itself.Positional Number System
- 29is a system that represents counting numbers by using the numerals 0 and 1.Binary Number System
also known as the base-2 number system, - 30, encompasses binary numbers that are separated into groups of 4bits.Hexadecimal Number System, also known as the base-16 number system
- 31The only process involved in this operation is the inversion of the given binary number.1's complement
- 32The processes involved in this operation are the inversion of the given binary number and the addition of 1 to the LSB.2's complement
- 33are utilized by digital computers for the logical manipulations and to simplify the addition and subtraction operation.Binary complements
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- normal Computer Architecture & Organization Flashcards on 01 Handout 01, created by Eljin Aguilar on 03/08/2025.
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- Eljin Aguilar
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