4272359
Description
Flashcards by katie Dack, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by katie Dack
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what are isotopes? | isotopes are atoms of the same element with a different atomic mass. eg |
| what is the atomic number? | the atomic number of an element refers to the number of protons in each of its atoms. |
| what is the charge of and mass of and electron? | an electron has a charge of -1 and a mass of 0.0005 |
| what is a atomic mass? | the atomic mass number of an element refers to the number of the protons + the number of neutrons in each of its atoms |
| what is the charge and mass of a neutron? | the neutron has no charge but does have a mass of one. |
| what is the charge and mass of protons? | a proton has a charge of +1 & a mass of 1 |
| how are the elements arranged in the periodic table? | Elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of atomic number. |
| on the periodic table were is the line between the elements that are metal and those that are non-metal? | |
| how many metals are in period 3? | |
| what do electrons do? | they orbit the nucleus of atoms |
| how are electrons arranged in a electron configuration? | electrons are arranged in shells or energy levels. eg |
| what are the rules for electron configuration shells? | 1. maximum of 2 electrons in first shell 2. maximum of 8 electrons in second shell 3. maximum of 8 electrons in third shell 4. fill up electrons from the first shell outwards. |
| DRAW the calcium electron configuration. | |
| now WRITE the written configuration for calcium. | 2.8.8.2 |
| what does the group number and period number show in a electron configuration? | the group number shows the number of electrons in outer shell and the period number shows the number of electron shells in use. |
| how are elements arranged in the periodic table? | by atomic number. |
| define what an ion is? | an ion is an draw electron configuration of ions. |
| what are ions and how are they formed | ions are charged atoms. They are formed by atoms gaining or losing electrons |
| DRAW the sodium ion configuration. | |
| how are the group numbers linked to ion charge (in positive +)? | group 1 = li+, Na+, K+ group 2 = B2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ group 3 = B3+, Al3+ |
| how are the group numbers linked to ion charge (in negative -)? | group 5= N3-, P3- group 6 = 02-, S2- group 7 = F -, Cl - |
| why is group 0/8 special? | because they already have a full outer shell, so they don't need to gain or lose electrons and they are very reactive. |
| what is ionic bonding (draw)? | |
| state the fundamental particles found in a nucleus. | neutrons and protons. |
| state the fundamental particle found in shells around the nucleus. | electrons |
| why are atoms neutral. | atoms are neutral because they balance out the number of protons and electrons. protons of positive, electrons negative. |
| why are electrons not included in the mass number? | the mass number is so small we ignore it (negliable) |
| Describe the similarities between oxygen-18 and oxygen-16. | the similarities are: 1. they have the same P+E 2. need 2 electrons to form ion 3. same e in outer shell 4. same atomic number 5. same group/period |
| Describe the differences between oxygen-18 and oxygen-16. | the differences are: 1. Number of neutrons (8v10) 2. atomic mass |
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