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Exam 1 Flashcards
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- 1What is an animal?It is a monophyletic group of organisms that share a common ancestor.
- 2What are the benefits of multicellularity?1. Avoidance of predators
2. Compete better
3. Specialization of cells - 3What are the evolutionary routes to multicellularity?1. Symbiotic relationship between protist species
2. Ancestral colonial protist
3. Cellularization: multinucleate protist ancestor evolves membranes around nuclei - 4Which evolutionary route to multicellularity is most supported by evidence?Ancestral colonial protist
- 5What are the unique characteristics of metazoans (animals) ?1. All develop from a blastula
2. Cell adhesion molecules: including fibronectin and cadherins
3. Cell junctions including tight junctions, desmosomes and gap junctions
4. Extracellular matrix containing collagen - 6What are the "Big 9" Animal phyla?- Porifera - Cnidaria
- Platyhelminthes
- Nematoda - Mollusca - Arthrapoda
- Echinodermata
- Chordata - Annelida - 7What is diploblasty?2 germ layers
- 8What is triploblasty?3 germ layers
- 9What are the different types of symmetry seen in animals?radial, bilateral and asymmetrical
- 10What is deuterostome?Formed anus first or "mouth second"
- 11What is a protostome?Formed mouth first
- 12Is a human a deuterosome or a protosome?deuterosome
- 13What are synapomorphies?A set of derived ancestral traits with group of organisms
- 14There are how many recognized animal phyla?> 30
- 15What is polyphyletic?Group with commonalities that do not ALL share a common ancestor.
- 16What is monophyletic?A taxon that contains ALL the descendants of a common ancestor.
- 17What is paraphyletic?A monophyletic group that excludes some descendants.
- 18What is accurate taxonomy based on?Monophyly
- 19Metazoan ancestor is likely a what?colonial protist
- 20Animal taxonomy is constantly in flux. According to current data, what are the four primary groups?1. "Radiates"
2. Deuterostomes
3. Lophophorates
4. Ecdysozoa
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- Bachelors Animal Biology (Exam I Material) Flashcards on Exam 1 Flashcards, created by lsmith181 on 19/01/2016.
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