Science KS3 Revision

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Flashcards on Science KS3 Revision, created by Sarah Arnold on 23/01/2016.
Sarah Arnold
Flashcards by Sarah Arnold, updated more than 1 year ago
Sarah Arnold
Created by Sarah Arnold about 8 years ago
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Question Answer
What are three differences between an animal cell and a plant cell? Plant cells have cell walls, plant cells have vacuoles and plant cells have chloroplasts.
What does the nucleus do in a cell? Contains the genetic material of the cell and controls its activities.
What does the cytoplasm do in a cell? Most chemical reactions and processes happen here, controlled by enzymes.
What does the cell membrane do in a cell? Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
What do mitochondria do in a cell? Most energy is released by respiration here.
What do ribosomes do in a cell? Protein synthesis happens in the ribosomes.
What does the cell wall do in a cell? The cell wall strengthens a plant cell.
What do chloroplasts do in a cell? They contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light for photosynthesis in plant cells.
What does a vacuole do and what is it filled with? It is filled with cell sap to help keep the plant cell turgid (fully inflated with water).
How has a leaf cell adapted to its specialised job? It is full of chloroplasts so it absorbs light, its regular shape and closely packed cells allow efficient light absorption.
How has a root hair cell adapted to its specialised job? It absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil by having a 'finger like' structure with a thin wall, which gives a large area.
How has a red blood cell adapted to its specialised job? The thin membrane lets oxygen diffuse quickly, and the shape increases oxygen absorption.
How has a nerve cell adapted to its specialised job? It is long so it can carry nerve impulses to parts of the body, there are connections at each end carries electrical signals.
When does diffusion occur in a cell? Diffusion occurs when particles spread and when they are free to move around.
What is diffusion in a cell? Diffusion is where particles in a cell move from an area of high to low concentration.
What does multicellular mean and what is an example of a multicellular organism? A multicellular organism can be a human, and it means we are made up of more than one type of cell.
What does unicellular mean and what is an example of a unicellular organism? A unicellular organism means that it is made up of one type of cell only, and an example is an Amoeba.
In what ways is a bacterial cell different to a plant or animal cell? It may have a flagellum (tail) and it has both chromosomal and plasmid DNA.
What is the order that multicellular organisms are organised into? The order goes: Atoms, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems and then Organism.
What are some examples of different tissues and what do they do? Muscle tissues give the ability to contract and xylem carries the water in a plant.
How many different types of tissue in humans are there and what are they? There are four types of tissue and they are Connective Tissue, Nervous Tissue, Muscle Tissue and Epithelial Tissue.
What are the different types of energy? Kinetic, Electrical, Sound, Chemical, Gravitational Potential, Elastic Potential, Nuclear, Thermal and Magnetic Energy.
What does kinetic energy mean? Moving things have kinetic energy, and the more mass a thing has the faster it moves.
What does electrical energy mean? It means energy generated by electrics and everything that is plugged in has some form of it.
What does sound energy mean? Sound energy is a form of energy associated with the vibration of matter.
What does chemical energy mean? Chemical Energy is energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (atoms and molecules).
What does gravitational potential mean? It is the amount of gravitational potential that an object has, objects that are higher have more of it.
What does elastic potential mean? Elastic potential energy is potential energy stored by the deformation of an elastic object.
What is nuclear energy? The energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity.
What is thermal energy? The energy that comes from heat. The heat is generated by the movement of particles within an object.
What is magnetic energy? Some objects can be magnetised and create magnetic fields. They exert forces on magnetised items.
What is an energy transfer? Energy transfers are where energy moves from one store in different ways.
How can energy transfer happen? It could happen by moving an object, heat it, cool it, stretch it or squash it.
What are three types of stored energy? Gravitational Potential, Chemical and Elastic Potential energy are all types of stored energy.
What is the equation for energy transfer? Energy Transferred (in joules, J) = Force (in newtons, N) x Distance (in metres, m)
What is heat transfer? It is where heat is transferred from hotter objects to cooler ones.
What is conduction? When an object is heated the particles vibrate, they cause the particles in the next object to vibrate.
What is heat radiation? Where hot objects radiate invisible heat waves which makes objects that are colder warmer as it absorbs the heat waves.
What is an insulator (heat) and what does it do? An insulator is a material that transfers heat slowly, which slows down the rate at which heat transfer happens.
What is the principle or conservation of energy? Energy can never be created or destroyed - it's only ever transferred from one form to another.
What happens in a chemical reaction? Bonds get broken and made in the reaction, as atoms rearrange themselves in going from the reactants to the products.
What are some signs of a chemical reaction? Heat is given off, light, change of state or form, change of colour or smell, change in magnetism or smell.
What is combustion? Combustion is burning in oxygen, and it needs fuel, heat and oxygen and it produces energy in the form of light and heat.
What is oxidation? Oxidation is the gain of oxygen, when a substance reacts and combines with reaction, it's called an oxidation reaction.
What is thermal decomposition? Thermal decomposition is when a substance breaks down into at least two other substances when heated.
What is an exothermic reaction? An exothermic reaction is where heat is taken in, which results in a rise in temperature.
What is an endothermic reaction? An endothermic reaction is where energy is taken in, usually in the form of heat, which results in a drop of temperature.
What is the word equation for calculating amounts of energy transferred? Energy Transferred (Joules) = Power (Watts) x Time (seconds).
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? A switch.
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? A cell.
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? A battery.
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? A lamp.
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? A voltmeter.
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? An ammeter.
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? A resistor.
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? A variable resistor.
What circuit feature does this symbol represent? A motor.
What is the current? An electric current is a flow of electric charge around a circuit.
What is current measured in? Current is measured in amperes (or amps), and the symbol for amps is A.
What is the potential difference? Also called voltage, it is the difference of electrical potential between two points.
What is potential difference measured in? Potential difference is measured in volts, and the symbol for volts is V.
What is a series circuit? A series circuit flows constantly, and the electricity can only travel one way as there are no extra branches.
What is the current pattern in series circuits? The current reading should be the same the whole way around the series circuit.
What is a parallel circuit? A parallel circuit is a circuit that has multiple branches and ways for the electricity to flow around it.
What is the current pattern in parallel circuits? The current is shared, but when you add up the current between the branches you get the overall current.
What is resistance? Resistance is where wires and other components in the circuit slows the flow of charge through them.
What is resistance measured in? The unit for resistance is the ohm, and its symbol is the Greek letter Omega, Ω.
How do you calculate resistance? Resistance = Potential Difference (Volts) ÷ Current.
What is a compound? A compound is made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together.
What is an element? An element is a substance that is made up of one kind of atom.
What is a mixture? A mixture has two or more types of atom in it, but they are not chemically bonded.
What is a particle? A particle is a very, very small amount of matter.
What is a solid?
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