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| Question | Answer |
| Psychology | scientific study of behavior and mental (cognitive) processes of human and animals |
| Psychoanalysis | A system of psychological theory and therapy aimed to treat mental disorders ( investigates the elements of conscious and unconscious elements of the mind) |
| introspection | examination or observation of one's own mental or emotional processes |
| behaviorism | the theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning (without appeal to thoughts or feelings) |
| psychiatrist | a medical practioner specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses |
| clinical depression | a mood disorder in which feelings of sadness, loss, anger, or frustration interfere with everyday life for weeks or more. |
| clinical psychology | branch of psychology concerned with the assessment and treatment of mental illness and disability |
| industrial organization psychologist | characterized by the scientific study of human behavior in the organization and the workplace |
| William James | (1842-1910) was a psychologist and a philosopher and was recognized for writing the priciples of psychology |
| basic research vs. applied research | basic research- aimed to improve scientific theories for improved understanding or prediciton of natural or other phenoma applied research- form of systematic inquiry involving the the practical application of science |
| phrenology | detailed study of the shape and size of the cranium as a supposed indication of character and mental abilities |
| John B. Watson | an american psychologist; established the pychological school of behaviorism |
| Ivan pavlov | a russian physiologist primarily known for his work in classical conditioning |
| humanistic psychology | physcological perspective that emphasizes the study of the whole person |
| Wilhelm Wundt | ''Founder of Modern Psychology" and "Father of Experimental Psychology"; he established the first laboratory in the world that was dedicated to experimental psychology |
| Functionalism | the doctrine that emphasizes the adaptiveness of the mental or behavioral processes |
| B.F. Skinner | emphasizes observable behavior in the study of humans, he is an experimental psychologist at harvard; is perhaps the most predominant figure in American psychology[' |
| cognitive | involved in mental processes and gaining comprehension |
| dualism | mind and matter or mind and body; any system that explains phenomena by two opposing principles |
| structuralism | defined as psychology as of the elements of consciousness |
| gestalt psychology | the theory that physiological or psychological phenomena do not occur through the summation of of individual elements, reflexes or sensations, but through gestalts functioning seperatley or interrelatedly. |
| evolutionary psychology | branch of psychology that studies the mental adaptations of humans to a changing environment |
| trephination | operation performed since the stone ages in which a circular section of the skull is carved away |
| biopsychology pyschology | science of the brain and nervous system and how they influence behavior |
| cognitive psychology | study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory perception, problem solving, creativity, and thinking |
| sociocultural psychology | the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied prescence of others |
| nature vs. nuture debate | arguement whether a person's development is predisposed in his DNA or a majority of it is influenced by his life experiences and his environment |
| Abraham Maslow | american psychologist and a founder of humanistic psychology who developed a model of human motivation, in which a higher need is expressed only after lower needs are filled |
| Carl B. Rogers | a humanistic psychologist who agreed with the main assumptions of Abraham Maslow, but added that for a person to grow, they need an environment that provides them with genuineness, acceptance, and empathy |
| human factors psychologists | focuses on improving and adapting technology, equipment, and work environments to compliment human behavior and capabiltites |
| little albert experiment | was a case study showing empirical evidence of classocal conditioning in humans |
| tabula rasa | in Locke's philosophy, this was the theory that at birth the ( human) mind is a ''blank slate'', without rules for processing data, and that data is added and rules for processing are formed solely by one's sensory experiences |
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