Flashcards
A Wasteful World
Cards in this deck (48)
- 1What are the 6 types of waste?Biodegradable
Non-Biodegradable
Domestic
Industrial
Hazardous
Non- Hazardous - 2What is the definition of Primary Packaging?The wrapping or contained that are handled by consumers
- 3What is the definition of Secondary Packaging?Larger cases or boxes that are used to group together primary packaged goods for distribution and display
- 4What is the definition of Transit Packaging?Wooden pallets, plastic wrapping, ect. that are used to enable transportation of goods
- 5What are the types of domestic waste in HIC'S?White goods- Domestic appliances - Washing machines, fridges, freezers, dishwashers etc.
Electronic goods - Often still working but still thrown away. - 6What is the definition of a Consumer Society?A society in which the buying and selling of services and goods, often that are not needed, is the most important social and economic activity.
- 7What are the effects of a 'Throwaway Society'?More money leads to more consumption
More waste and more of a throwaway society- it is often cheaper to buy new items than repair old ones. - 8How does Germany dispose of their waste using landfill sites?In the 70's every urban area in Germany had its own Landfill sites (50,000)
By 2006 there was only 160
All waste must be treated before its put in Landfill
The waste is then incinerated which makes a emission material - 9How much Municipal waste is in Germany and how is it disposed?14 million tonnes of municipal waste is produced from small business and households
60% of municipal waste is recycled and 250,00 people are employed in this industry. - 10What is the other way (not recycling) that Germany disposes of its municipal waste?Incineration
There are 68 incinerators in Germany and 100 that are planned to be built, and one incinerator has to cope with 212,000 tonnes of municipal waste a year.
The owners of the plants are paid for the heat given off the incinerators and for incinerating the waste.
The incinerators are exempt from CO2 emissions. - 11How does Germany dispose of its waste through recycling?Germany recycles 60% of its waste.
All of the products that can be recycled have the 'Grune Punkt' emblem and buying these products costs the average family between £100-£200 per year
Business contribute to using recyclables products which pays the firms who collect the recycling. - 12How does Germany dispose of its Nuclear waste?Because they have no reprocessing sites and so they send it to the UK and France (until 2009) because they have reprocessing sites. They store it all over the country.
However they wanted to get out of the contracts because it was too expensive to upkeep. - 13How does Germany dispose of its other toxic waste?The majority of waste is shipped away to countries like Estonia, Egypt, Poland and other countries that are less established.
- 14What are the advantages of using Landfill?It fills up quarries and old mines (reuses land)
It is cheap
Jobs are created. - 15What are the advantages of incineration?The heat produced can generate electricity that is used to power homes and industry.
There are jobs created at incineration sites and the transport pop the waste to the sites. - 16What are the advantages of Recycling?It reuses materials that are often natural resources that are finite
it produces less waste - 17What are the advantages of exporting?The waste then isn't the countries problem (CO2 Emissions don't count)
The waste also isn't going to landfill. - 18What are the disadvantages of Landfill sites?It emits green house gases (Methane- releases when it is degrading)
There is a problem with the lack of space available in countries
It causes visual pollution - 19What are the disadvantages with Incineration?It releases lots of CO2 (Green House Gases)
The sites cause visual pollution
It is expensive to run because it needs a lot of energy - 20What are the disadvantages with Recycling?It is very expensive to run
It is hard to enforce on people and businesses because they are stuck in their ways (just throwing things away) - 21What are the disadvantages with Exporting?It is expensive
It is dangerous to do
It gives the countries that are exporting it a bad reputation if they are exporting to and LIC - 22How is waste arranged in House Waste Collection?Brown Bin = Food waste (meat, fruit, veg)
Green Bin = Plant waste (leaves, branches)
Black Bin = Waste that can't be recycled
Green Box = Paper, Glass, Oil, Small electrical items, batteries
Grey/Red Box = Plastic bottles - 23How is the waste dealt with in CWAC?The waste is arranged at home into the correct boxes or bins
The waste is then collected by ' Resource Recovery vehicles' which have separate compartments for each types of the waste
The recycle vehicle then goes to either Winford or Chester depot.
The Bulking Process; all cardboard is ejected from the rear of the vehicle and then compacted and baled.
Vehicle then enters the sorting hall where all of the mixed cans and plastic are ejected from the rear of the vehicle.
The Mixed materials are then scooped up and fed through a series of sorting machines. Then specialised machinery divide the materials into plastic steel and aluminium. - 24How and where is glass recycled (CWAC) ?Berryman Glass Recycling LTD where the glass is sorted into colour and washed to remove any impurities. The glass is then crushed and melted and folded into new products, glass jars, or bottles etc.
- 25How and where is paper recycled (CWAC) ?UPM Kymmene LTD.
The paper is taken to a recycling plant where it is separated into types and grades. Then different materials are added to the slurry to then make the paper into cardboard, newsprints or office paper. The slurry is spread using large rollers into thin sheets and the paper is left to dry, then it is rolled up ready to be cut and sent back to the shops. - 26How and where is plastic recycled (CWAC) ?Novels Recycling LTD.
The bottles are bailed and then cleaned, dried and sorted using an optical beam which separates the different types of plastic. The bottles are ground into flakes which are then washed and sorted again. Depending on the plastic type the flakes are then either decontaminated using a chemical solution or melted down and sieved to form beads as the plastic cools. These beads and flakes can then be melted down again and turned into new products. - 27How and where is Aluminium recycled (CWAC) ?Novels Recycling LTD
In the treatment plant the alumninium is sorted and cleaned ready for reprocessing.
It then goes through a re-melt process and turns into molten aluminium, this removes all of the coating and inks that may have been present on the aluminium. The molten aluminium is then made into large blocks called ingots. The ingots are then sent out to mills where they are rolled out which gives the aluminium greater flexibility and strength. - 28What is the definition of a renewable source of energy?Energy sources that can be reused and will not run out such as wind and the sun.
- 29What is the definition of a non renewable energy source?An energy source that can't be replaced once they have all been used up such as coal or oil.
- 30What are the attitudes of people towards coal as a source of energy?When coal used to be mined in the UK people and very little concern for the environment because the mining was providing jobs for people in the local community. However recently with more modern coal mines being developed, companies have to give guarantees that the land will be restored to its condition prior to the mining.
- 31What are the advantages of coal production and development?Production - It is found in many countries
it is cheap, easy to mine as it is normally just below the surface.
Development- Coal is relatively easy to covert to energy by burning it
Coal supplies should last another 250 years. - 32What are the disadvantages of coal production and development?Production - Waste heaps are left close to the mines
Deep shaft mining can be dangerous, as shown in China in may 2012 when 9 miners dies when the shaft collapsed.
Development- Acid rain is produced when coal is burnt
Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are produced when coal is burned. - 33What is the environmental impact of coal?When waste heaps are left over from mining coal, they ca be dangerous
Acid rain forms from the sulphur dioxide and nitrogen that is released when coal is burned
The ash that is released from the coal can be radioactive
The CO2 Produced contributes to the greenhouse effect as it is a greenhouse gas. - 34What are peoples attitude towards Wind energy?Many local residents object to the building of wind turbines being built on hills close to their homes because they don't directly benefit from the lower energy bills or jobs from their creation.
Globally most people and governments support the use of wind turbines as they have a much smaller negative impact on the environment - 35What are the advantages of Wind production and development?Production - Wind is free
Turbines can be relatively cheap
Development - New turbines are quiet and efficient
Wind energy doesn't produce a greenhouse gas
Wind turbines can be on land and off shore - 36What are the disadvantages of Wind production and development?Production - When the turbines are made in a factory and it is transported to the site greenhouse gases are produced
Development - There must be winds of 6m/s to produce electricity
Some people don't like the look of them
Offshore turbines can disturb bird migration - 37What is the definition of Biodegradable?Can be broken down by bacteria
- 38What is this chart show?Domestic waste in a HIC
- 39What does this chart show?Domestic waste in a LIC
- 40How is energy wasted in industry?Office devices are left running (computers and printers)
Approximately £1 in every £12 spent on fuel is being used by the UK's steel industry - 41How is energy wasted domestically?25% of heat is lost through a homes roof, 35% through the walls 15% through the floors and 10% through windows.
People leaving devices on standby, which wastes energy as it still uses energy
Phone chargers wastes energy when they are plugged in with devices that are fully charged because they are plugged in and still using energy - 42What is the solution to energy wastage at a national scale?A grant of £2500 is given to households for green technologies from the Low Carbon buildings programme
Planning permission is no longer needed to construct wind turbines or to set up solar panels, ground and water source heat pumps and biomass systems.
There are grants of up to £1 million for public buildings such as schools and hospitals where the government pays up to 50% of the start up costs of renewable energy. - 43What is Oldham City Council doing to try and encourage their residents to save energy?They have upgraded their social priority housing by installing loft insulation and also giving ideas on their website on how to save energy
- 44What is Penwith Housing association, Penzance, Cornwall doing to try and encourage their residents to save energy?They use source heat pumps have been fitted to bungalows by this council. This provides the residents with heating via radiators and hot water.
- 45What is Woking Borough Council doing to try and encourage their residents to save energy?It has its own electricity wire and therefor doesn't have to pay to be part of the national grid. a CHP system has been installed which powers 6 buildings and some sheltered housing near by. A new power plant at Woking leisure centre supplies the pool and 136 homes close by.
- 46How does the population affect the energy consumption around the world?Energy consumption has increased by 27% between 1990 and 2008 and the average use of energy per person has globally increased by 10%
However the higher populated countries doesn't necessarily mean that it uses the most energy (LICs) - 47How does the Wealth and Income affect the energy consumption around the world?Countries that are wealthier will use more energy than poorer countries, this is because the wealthier countries it is able to provide energy to its population because the population is able to afford electrical equipment.
- 48How does the Availability of energy supplies affect the energy consumption around the world?Countries that have a plentiful supply of energy may have a high consumption, however the rate of consumption also depends on other factors such as the wealth and income if the countries population.
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- GCSE Geography (A Wasteful World) Flashcards on A Wasteful World, created by Iona Diack on 29/01/2016.
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