Flashcards
Lecture 12- Organic Chemistry II
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1What are aliphatic compounds?Carbon atoms joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non aromatic rings
- 2What are saturated organic compounds?They have the no double carbon bonds
- 3What are unsaturated organic compounds?They have double carbon bonds present
- 4What is a alicyclic compound?An aliphatic compound in a non aromatic ring
- 5What is an aromatic compound?One that contains a conjugated ring of unsaturated bonds- benzene
- 6What is a heterocyclic compound?A cyclic compound that has at least two different elements as part of its ring
- 7What are polyfunctional compounds?They contain more than one functional group
- 8How do you determine the class of polyfunctional compounds?The principal functional group determines the class. Secondary functional groups are treated as substituents.
- 9What is the order of preference for principal groups?Carboxylic acid>acid anhydrides>esters>acid halides>amides>nitriles> aldehydes>ketones>alcohols>amines>double bond>triple bond
- 10What is an homologous series?A group of organic compounds with similar chemical properties in which members contain the same functional group but differ by length of the carbon chain
- 11What is a hybrid atomic orbital?Combination of atomic orbitals from the SAME atom
- 12What is a molecular orbital?Combination of atomic or hybrid atomic orbitals from DIFFERENT atoms
- 13What type of hybridisation is used for bonding in saturated compounds?sp^3
- 14What type of hybridisation is present in double carbon bonds?sp^2
- 15What type of hybridisation is present in triple carbon bonds?sp
- 16What are the properties of hybrid orbitals?Hold electrons closer to the nucleus which results in the bond becoming shorter and therefore stronger. They are more directional so the have more effective bonding. The more s-character the more more stable the electron is in that orbital.
- 17How are sigma bonds formed?The direct overlap between s-s, s-p, p-p and hybridised orbitals
- 18How are pi bonds formed?They are formed by the parallel overlap of p orbitals
- 19Where is the electron density in a pi bond?Above and below the plane of the bond
- 20Are sigma or pi bonds higher in energy?Pi bonds are higher in energy which means they are weaker
- 21What does a double bond consist of?Sigma bond and pi bond
- 22What does a triple bond consist of?Sigma bond and two pi bonds
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- Chemistry (Lecture 12- Organic Chemistry II) Flashcards on Lecture 12- Organic Chemistry II, created by emma_moran on 06/01/2014.
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