47733
Description
Flashcards by Mark Arsenal, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Mark Arsenal
about 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What effect does Anaerobic training have on Glucose clearance? | Increases muscle glucose clearance. |
| Draw a graph showing de-training effects on Aerobic enzymes, Oxidative potential of fibers, Glycogen stores, No. Capillaries, VO2 Max, CSA of Slow twitch MF: | |
| Using a graph show the time course of endurance training adaptations and the effect of detraining: | |
| What effect does training status have on Fat oxidation? | Elite endurance athletes are capacle of burning much greater amounts of fat than untrained and same relative workload (VO2 max). |
| What happens to Mitochondria with training? | Trained athletes have much higher numbers of Mitochondria than in untrained. Thus we can breakdown more fat when endurance trained thus rely more heavily on fat for energy. |
| What happens to FFA availibility and Uptake between trained and untrained? | Fat uptake by the cell (thus Mitochondria) is much higher in trained athletes. |
| Is there any difference in CPT1 activity between trained and un-trained athletes? | Yes CPT1 activity is much higher in trained athletes. |
| What are the 4 Training Principles? (O,S,R,I) | Overload= Stress beyond habitual level, Specificity= Change determined by training type, Reversibility= Rapid loss through detraining, Individual Responses= Everyone's different |
| How bad can detraining be? | Increases in Aerobic Enzymes, VO2 Max, CSA of Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers take approximately 24 months, but can reverse to baseline within 6 months of detraining |
| What are the types of training? | Endurance, and Anaerobic (Resistance, Sprint, Interval, Plyometrics) |
| What do Relative and Absolute Intensity controls refer to in studies? | Relative Intensity Control is where you set the physiological workload the same for all participants (work at 60% VO2 Max) Whereas Absolute workload is where you set the difficulty to the same level (work at 240W). It is best to keep Absolute Intensity the same. |
| Broadly what adaptations occur through Endurance Training? | We see both muscular and cradio-vascular changes which primarily determine fuel and oxygen availability for the muscle. Thus adaptation increase Oxygen delivery to the muscle and increases Oxygen uptake by the muscle. |
| Physiological Adaptations which occur through Endurance Training? | Increase in Blood Plasma Volume, Stroke Volume, Max Cardiac Output, Total Muscle Blood Flow, Max Lung Ventilation. Decrease in Resting and Sub-Max HR, Blood Pressure. |
| Muscle adaptations which caused by Endurance training: | Increase of= Capillaries per muscle fiber, Myoglobin Content, Mitochondrial Capacity, size and amount of Mitochondria, capacity to burn fat and CHO, reliance of fat as a fuel source, endurance capacity, glycogen and triglyceride content in the muscle and Hypertrophy of Type 1 Muscle Fibers. |
| Give some information about the time course of Endurance Training Incurred Adaptations: | Speed and Extent of adaptation is dependent on training load, intensity,duration, frequency. We see some adaptations within 5-7 days (Decreased Glycogen oxidation, increased muscle GLUT 4 and increased muscle enzyme activity) |
| What adaptations are associated with Anaerobic Training (Resistant or Sprint) | Increased Muscle Mass (Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy), Force generating capacity, power, anaerobic capacity. |
| What adaptations in Glycolytic Enzymes occur with Anaerobic Training? | Increase in Phosphatase, PFK, Lactate Dehydrogenase, Citrate Synthase. |
| What have studies found in regard to Endurance Training? | Increase in Muscle Glycogen Stores, Increase Glycogen Synthesis (Glycogenesis), Increased intramuscular fuel stores, increased fat metabolism and decreased CHO metabolism, increased number of Mitochondria, Slight Increase in Free Fatty Acid Availability, Fatty Acid transport across membrane enhancement. |
| What have studies found in regard to Anaerobic Training? | Resistance Training increase muscle glucose clearance. 14 days of Sprint training increased muscle oxidative capacity. High Intensity Interval Training increased capacity for fat oxidation. |
| What more Oxidative adaptations have been associated with Sprint training? | Increased aerobic capacity, increased activity of mitochondrial enzymes, increase fat oxidation, glycogen sparing |
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