Flashcards
Neuroanatomy 1 & 2
Cards in this deck (27)
- 1The two nervous systems are:The Central Nervous System (CNS) which comprises of the brain and spinal cord.
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) which consists of nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord - 2Major Parts of the BrainCerebrum: cerebral hemispheres- divided by the longitudinal fissure and fore brain
Cerebellum: the hind brain (little brain in Latin) - 3Cerebral Cortexthe outermost surface layer of the cerebrum- grey and white matter and contains the cell bodies of the brain's neurons
- 4What are the major lobes of the brain?Frontal Lobe, Occipital Lobe, Temporal Lobe and Parietal Lobe
- 5Function of the Frontal Lobe?performs executive functions- motor planning, language, memory, Broca's Area
- 6Function of the Parietal Lobe?touch information and integrates vision and touch
- 7Function of the Occipital Lobe?processes visual infomation
- 8Function of the Temporal Lobe?auditory, language and autobiographical memory, Wernike's Area
- 9What is the corpus collosum?The corpus collosum is a large band of fibres that connect the left and right brain hemispheres
- 10Broca's AreaSpeech and language production. Broca's Apahsia- they know what they want to say but grammar is incorrect
- 11Wernike's AreaComprehension of language. Wernike's Apahsia- unable to understand language although speech is fluent
- 12The Limbic SystemIs the emotional centre of the brain. Includes the Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Amygdala and Hippocampus
- 13What is the amygdala?The amygdala is responsible for fear, arousal and excitement
- 14What is the hippocampus?It is responsible for spacial memory- the layout of things in the environment e.g.; your route to the shops/ school/ work
- 15Basal Gangliastructures in the forebrain that help control movement
- 16cerebellumlittle brain and responsible for sense of balance
- 17The 2 Systems in the PNSThe somatic nervous system: voluntary and motor and sensory
The autonomic Nervous System: involuntary, heart rate, respiration and sweating and stress, arousal and fight/flight - 18Autonomic Nervous SystemSympathetic Nervous System: emotional arousal, stress or fear and the fight/ flight response
Parasympathetic Nervous System:
rest and digest and lowers heat-rate - 19What does the brain stem do and comprise of?It relays between the cortex and spinal cord and cortex and cerebellum. Made up of the medulla and pons
- 20MedullaAutonomic nervous system control. Things like heart-rate, respiration, coughing etc
- 21Ponsrelays signals from the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum. Cranial nerves (nerves to face and head)
- 22Persistent Vegetative Statesevere damage to the upper brain (hemisphere and cortex). Autonomic function remains if brain stem not damaged. Patients have no conscious awareness
- 23'Locked-In' SyndromeALS or MND- motor neuron disease. Patients may be fully conscious and aware but totally unresponsive. It is a loss of motor neurons to the spinal cord thus removing ability to move and then appear in a vegetative state
- 24Primary Motor AreaPrimary motor cortex activity leads to movement (muscle contraction)
- 25Sensory AreaPrimary Sensory cortex activity leads to sensation movements planned and 'programmed' in the brain before initiation
- 26Feedback control of movementBrain makes predictions of expected sensory feedback actions. Then compares with actual feedback during movement. Learning Motor Skills- brain tries to minimise the mismatch between the prediction and the actual feedback
- 27Summary of EvolutionBrain stem and cerebellum: low level
Limbic System: high level
Cerebral Hemispheres- Cortex: highest level
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- Bachelors Degree Cognitive and Biological Psychology Flashcards on Neuroanatomy 1 & 2, created by e.lorimer on 17/03/2016.
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- e.lorimer
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