500259
Description
Flashcards by Charnanigan14, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charnanigan14
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a nanometre? | 1 billionth of a metre 0.0000000001m |
| What is nanoscience? | Nanoscience is the science of small things. Objects between 1 and 100nm in size or of those with only a few hundred atoms. |
| Small materials behave ... (differently/the same) when on a small scale | Differently |
| Why are nanoparticles useful? | Because being very small means they have a large surface area and new properties which are very useful. |
| Name some uses of nanoparticles... | Sun creams, deodorants, catalysts, cosmetics, construction materials, highly selective sensors and new coatings. |
| What are some risks of nanoparticles? | The more we use them, the more chance of them getting into the air and us breathing them in. This could then get into our bloodstreams with unpredictable consequences. More research needs to be carried out into the risks on our health and the environment. |
| What can glass be covered with... Why? | Titanium oxide nanoparticles When sunlight hits the glass, a chemical reaction can be started so that any dirt that lands on a window will be broken down so when it rains, the dirt will be washed away. |
| Name the two particles in sun block. Why? | Titanium oxide and Zinc oxide These particles can be covered with silica which is adjusted to an atomic level and is more efficient at blocking the sun that conventional UV absorbers. |
| Nanoparticles are useful in cosmetics because... | They are so small, they can be absorbed deeper into the skin and therefore be more effective for moisturisers and deodorants. |
| How can gold nanocages be used in medicine? | They can be used to deliver drugs around the body and kill tumours |
| How does a gold nanocage kill a tumour? | Tumours have large, leaky blood vessels big enough to inject a nanocage but healthy blood vessels do not. Once in, a laser is directed over the tumour and warms up the cages. The cages absorb energy and this can alter the properties of the proteins and destroys tumours but not healthy vessels. |
| Why are silver nanoparticles useful? | Silver nanoparticles are antibacterial so can prevent the spread of microorganisms in fridges. They also fight against viruses and fungi. Silver nanoparticles are found in sprays used to clean operating theatres. |
| What could nanotubes be used for in the future? | They could be used as nanowires so that small electric circuits can be made. Highly sensitive, selective sensors could be made. Nanotubes can detect a gas in an asthmatic's breath before an attack so they can monitor and manage their condition. |
| Why are nanotubes useful for catalysts? | Because they have a large surface area. |
| Scientists in the US Army are developing nanotech suits. What do they do? | Are flexible and strong. Withstand bullets and explosions. Aerial view of battlefield with built-in air conditioning. Many biosensors that send medical information back to a team. |
| What does titanium dioxide do? | White solid particles used as a pigment for white paint. Do not reflect visible light as they are so small. In paper, printing inks, coatings, plastics and candy-coated chocolates. |
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