Flashcards
Atoms and Electrons
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1Atoms and ElectronsChemistry 1a 1.5.1 - 1.5.3
- 2What is a nucleus?This is found at the centre of an atom, containing protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged while the neutrons are neutral, therefore the overall charge of the nucleus is positive.
- 3What are electrons?They are negatively charges elements of an atom which orbit the nucleus in the centre, they cover a large area as they occupy shells at different energy levels.
- 4Why do atoms have an overall neutral charge?Because there are an equal number of positively charged protons to negatively charged electrons, meaning that the charges cancel.
- 5What happens if electrons are added or taken away from the atom?The atoms becomes charged as the electronic charges are no longer balance - therefore they become known as ions.
- 6What is an element?A substance containing only one type of atom.
- 7How are the vertical columns arranged on the periodic table?Elements with similar chemical properties are organised into columns known as groups, each element in this group has the same number of electrons in its outer shell - this is why all elements in the group have similar properties.
- 8On the periodic table, what does the i) top number and ii) bottom number mean?i) the mass number - total number of protons and neutrons.
ii) the atomic number - the number of electrons. - 9How do you work out the number of neutrons in an atom, using the periodic table?Subtract the atomic number from the mass number.
- 10Where are electrons found?Within the energy levels of an atom, also known as shells.
- 11How many electrons are allowed in the i) first shell, ii) second shell and iii) third shell?i) 2
ii) 8
iii) 8 - 12What does the position of the element on the reactivity series determine?Whether it can be extracted by reduction with carbon.
- 13If metals are higher than carbon in the reactivity series, how are they extracted?Using electrolysis, this can be very expensive.
- 14How are metal below carbon on the reactivity series extracted?By reduction using carbon. For example, iron oxide can be reduced in a blast furnace to make iron - this is because carbon can take the oxygen away from the metals which are less reactive than carbon itself is.
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- Flashcards on Atoms and Electrons, created by Lauren Adams on 23/04/2016.
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- Lauren Adams
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