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Flashcards

ANIMAL FLASHACARDS 1

Kayleena Razaram ANIMAL BIO 2 English 60 cards

Cards in this deck (60)

  1. 1What is the linnean classification system?KPCPFGS
  2. 2What is the earliest direct evidence of life? Prokaryotes, Eukaryoes or Stromatolites?Stromatolites
  3. 3Stromatolites are photosynthetic bacteria. True/FalseTrue
  4. 4What are Ediacaran Fauna ?Microscopic multicellular organisms ( the first animals). some had bilateral symmetry and there is evidence of motility and grazing
  5. 5What is the Cambrian explosion?An 'explosion' of animal diversity caused by trapped nutrients being released from eroded rock which may have increased the volume of photosynthetic organisms.
  6. 6What do phylogenetic relationships show?Anatomical similarity
    Developmental similarity
    Molecular evidence
  7. 7What is the basic structure of an Acoelomate?Invertebrate lacking coelom
  8. 8What is the basic structure of an Psuedocolomate?Has a false coelom
  9. 9What is the basic structure of an True coelomate?Has a fluid filled body cavity called a coelom
  10. 10What is the basic structure of protostomes?Mouth first, appears before anus
  11. 11What is the basic structure of Deuterostomes?Anus is the first opening
    Differentiates by embryonic development
    Enterocoelmates – Coelom developed via enterocoely (development of animal embryo)
  12. 12where are most Porifera found?Most found in the sea with a few species found in freshwater. Most abundant in areas of fast currents as they are filter feeders
  13. 13Porifera basic structure names?Ascon grade - single tube two layers thick
    Sycon grade - The folding of the cell wall
    Leucon - folds upon folds resulting in a series of flagellated chambers connected by canals
  14. 14What are Collar cells (choanocyte)?(Porifera related )Flagellated cells that function to feed by using their flagella to create a flow of water. They also have microvilli to increase surface area
  15. 15In terms of Porifera, what is the purpose of spicules?Structural support and help deter predators
  16. 16What are megascleres?Spicules visible to the naked eye
  17. 17What are micorscleres?Microscope spicules
  18. 18Where are most Cnidaria found?Found in fast current areas of the sea.Some are freshwater species.
  19. 19Are Cnidaria filter feeders?Yes
  20. 20What two main body forms do Cnidaria possessPolyps (fixed and mainly for feeding/ protection purposes) and Medusa (Free and has gonads for sexual reproduction)
  21. 21What is the term given when Cnidaria have both polyps and medusa?Alternation of generations
  22. 22What is exhibit zooid polymorphism?Looks like separate organisms but are actually connected polyps
  23. 23What is the term that is given for when something looks like separate organisms but are actually connected polypsExhibit Zooid polymorphism
  24. 24What are nematocysts?Specialized cells that are stinging cells
  25. 25What are the basic body structures of platyhelminths?Bilaterally symmetric
    Sac like or branched blind ending gut
    No segmentation
    No circulatory system
    Hermaphrodites
  26. 26What phylum does Cestoda, trematoda and turbellaria classes belong to?Platyhelminth
  27. 27What are the characteristics of the class Trematoda?Parasitic, two life cycles ( direct and complex)
  28. 28What are the main body structures of Nematodes?Complex cutiles ( may be smooth and can consist of transverse annulations)
    Complete gut
    no circular muscles
    Pseudocoel body cavity
    No circulatory system ( usually dioecious)
  29. 29What is the nematode importance to humans?important parasites:
    Ascaris spp.
    Hookworms
    Filrial nematodes
    Plant pathogens
    Root knot nematodes
  30. 30What are the 3 main mechanisms of nematodes?Free living
    Oesophagus
    Movement
  31. 31In nematodes, what is the buccal cavityMaybe be absent,present and lacking teeth, have fixed teeth or movable manibles
  32. 32In nematodes, what is the serpentine?Alternate contractions of the dorsal and ventral longitudinal muscles
  33. 33What is the importance of Annelida to humans?Feed on dead organic matter
    Recycles important nutrients and improves the quality of the soil
  34. 34What are the major features of Molluscs?Visceral mass
    mantle
    shell
    head
    foot
  35. 35What is a Radula mollusc?feeding structure
    Scrapes food off the surface of the rock
  36. 36What is contained in the mantle cavity of molluscs?The gills
  37. 37What do the Gills do in molluscs?Filter feeding
    contain cillia that generate a water current
    Mucus is produced that traps any particles which present gill clogging
  38. 38How do bialvia filter feed?Mantle cavity and gills are greatly enlarged – acts as a sieve to remove food particles
  39. 39What are mollusc importance to humans?Resources - oyster and mussles, scallops and squid
    Pest control
    Ecological factors - grazing
  40. 40How many classes of molluscs are there?7
  41. 41Which mollusc had shells consisting of 8 overlapping plates?Polyplacophra
  42. 42Which class of molluscs are mostly burrowing feeders with a shell of two valves connectd by a flexible ligament?Bivalvia
  43. 43Mollusc class with a shell consisting of long tubes that are open on each endScaphopda
  44. 44Which class of mollusc is mostly free swimming predators with an absent or internal shell?Ceohalopoda
  45. 45Which class of mollusc has a limpet like appearance?Monoplaceophora
  46. 46Which class of mollusc has a spiral shell?Gastropoda
  47. 47Which class of mollusc has no shell but is covered in calverous spicules?Aplacophora
  48. 48What are the main body structures of annelida?Segmented bodies - partitioned coelom
    Are metemeric
  49. 49What are the 3 classes in Annelida?Polycheata
    Oligocheata
    Hirudinea
  50. 50What class does parapodia belong to?Polycheata
  51. 51Main characteristic of parapodia?Paired lateral appendages formed by an extension of the body wall
  52. 52Are Polycheata errant or sedentary?Can be Errant (Free moving) or Sedentary
    Errant – Sensory head appendages have developed for hunting, well developed parapodia that are similar across the body length
    Sedentary – No head appendages and poorly developed parapodia of varying structure across the body length
  53. 53What are the characteristics of the sub class oligocheata?o Few, simple chaetae present
    o Hermaphrodites
    o Have a cocoon protective structure
    o Small number of large eggs
  54. 54What are the characteristics of the sub class Hirundinea?o No chaetae present
    o Suckers are present on both ends
    o Hermaphtodites
    o Eggs are laid in cocoons
  55. 55What are the basic body structures of anthropoda?• Jointed Exoskeleton
    • Segmented Body
    • Jointed and Paired Appendages
    • Sexes are separate
  56. 56What does phylum does chelicerates belong to?Anthropoda
  57. 57What are the characteristics of the subphyla chelicerates?• No antenna
    • Have chelicera – Feeding appendages
    • Body is split into Abdomen and Cephalothorax
    • 3 main classes
  58. 58Class merostomata has what two distinctions? Book Gills
     Tail Spine
  59. 59What phylum do arachnida belong toChelicerates
  60. 60What are the 5 types of Arachnida?Scorpionidae
    Spiders
    Harvestmen
    Acarina
    Pycnogonids

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2 ANIMAL BIO Flashcards on ANIMAL FLASHACARDS 1, created by Kayleena Razaram on 07/05/2016.
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