Flashcards
Key words- philosophy
Cards in this deck (50)
- 1A posterioriA proposition that can only be known to be true or false through senses experience
- 2A prioriA proposition that doesn't need sense experience you be known to be true or false
- 3AnalysisBreaking up complex concepts within an arguement into simple concepts elucidating it's meaning or structure
- 4Begging the questionAn informal fallacy of assuming the truth of the conclusion of an arguement as one of the premises involved to demonstrate it's truth
- 5BlikAn attitude or view of the world not held or withdrawn from beliefs of empirical experience
- 6Causal principleThe claim that everything has a cause
- 7Clear and distinct ideasThings that are 'present and accessible to the attentive mind' and so are clear and separate from other ideas and every part of them is clear
- 8Principle of closureIf I know that premises are true and validly deduce the conclusion then I know the conclusion
- 9Cognitivismreligious language states that religious claims aim to describe how the world is and so can be true or false
- 10Fallacy of compositionAn informal fallacy of attributing some feature of the members of a collection to the collection itself or reasoning from part to whole
- 11ConsistentTwo or more statements are consistent if they can both be true at the same time
- 12Constant conjunctionTwo things always happening to get her or one after another
- 13ContingentPropositions that can be either true or false depending on how the world actually is
- 14Copy principleAll simple ideas are copies of impressions
- 15DeductiveArguments who's conclusion is logically entailed by its premises
- 16DisjunctionAn either/ or claim
- 17EmpiricalRelating or depriving from experience specifically sense experience
- 18EmpiricismThe theory that there can be no a priori knowledge of synthetic propositions about the world
- 19Concept empiricistAll concepts are derived from experience
- 20Enumerative inductionA method of reasoning that argues from many instances of something to a general statement about that thing
- 21Fallacy of equivocationThe use of ambiguous words or phrases in different senses within a single arguement
- 22EschatologicalThe study of the last things; death, final judgement and the ultimate destiny of humans
- 23Falsification principleThe claim that claims only have meaning if it is falsifiable and rules out possible experiences
- 24Form of lifeThe foundation in which language games grow, a collection of cultural practices
- 25Depth grammarThe way that a sentence functions in its use within a language and determined it's meaning
- 26Surface grammarThe grammatical structure of a sentence as it appears
- 27Complex ideasIdeas deprived from two or more ideas
- 28Numerically identicalWhen something is one and the same thing; everything is numerically identical to itself and nothing else
- 29ImmanentBelief that God exists throughout everything that exists
- 30ImmutableSomething not subject to change
- 31Logically impossibilitySomething that is self contradictory
- 32Physical impossibilityGoes against the laws of nature
- 33Inference to the best explanationAn inductive arguement from where the conclusion presents the best explanation for why the premises are true
- 34IntuitionDirect non-inferential awareness of abstract objects or truths
- 35Language gameA linguistic practice constituted by certain rules that determine meaning of words used
- 36Maximal excellenceAn entity possesses maximal excellence if and only if it is omnipotent, omniscient and supremely good
- 37Maximal greatnessAn entity possesses maximal greatness if and only if there can be nothing greater than it
- 38Non-cognitivismThe view that neligious class do not describe the world and so cannot be true or false but instead express an attitude about the world
- 39Ockhams razorThe principle where you should put forward a hypothesis which states many different ideas when a simpler one will do aswell
- 40ParadigmA system or frame of reference containing background assumptions we make when looking at new evidence
- 41Possible worldA way of talking about how things could be
- 42Primary qualityProperties that are utterly inseparable from the object, theven object has the in and of itself
- 43Relational propertyA characteristic that something has only in relation to another thing
- 44Reduction ad absurdumA former of arguement showing that a claim leads to some contradiction
- 45Sense-dataMental images or representations of what is perceived, the content of perceptual experiences which is private to each person
- 46SyntheticA proposition that is not analytic but true or false depending on how the world is
- 47TheordicyAn attempt to explain how or why an omnipotent, omniscient, supremely good being allows evil to exist
- 48VeridicalA proposition that us true or an experience that represent how the world actually is
- 49AnalyticPropositions that true or false in virtue of the meaning of words
- 50OmnipresentBeing present everywhere at the sane time
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- AS - Level Philosophy Flashcards on Key words- philosophy, created by naevewhitehouse on 10/05/2016.
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