Flashcards
B2 Keywords
Cards in this deck (40)
- 1CellThe building block of living things
- 2NucleusControls the activities of the cell. It contains chromosomes made of DNA
- 3CytoplasmJelly-like contents of a cell where many chemical reactions take place
- 4Cell membraneA thin layer around a cell that controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
- 5Cell wallRigid cellulose layer outside the cell membrane of a plant or bacterial cell
- 6ChloroplastSmall disc in the cytoplasm of plants containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis
- 7Permanent vacuoleFluid-filled area in plant cells, containing sap
- 8MitochondriaThe site of aerobic respiration in plant and animal cells
- 9BacteriaA micro-organism 1-5 μm long. It’s DNA is not contained within a nucleus
- 10FungiOrganisms with a cell wall made of chitin, rather than the cellulose found in plant cell walls
- 11Specialised cellA cell that has a structure well suited to its function
- 12DifferentiationWhen a cell develops into a type that is specialised for a specific function
- 13DiffusionWhen a cell develops into a type that is specialised for a specific function
- 14Concentration gradientDifference in concentration of a substance from one area to another
- 15MulticellularBeing built up of many cells, all working together as an organism
- 16TissueGroup of similar cells working together to perform a common function e.g. muscle or xylem
- 17OrganCollection of different tissues working together to perform a function within an organism e.g. stomach, or leaf
- 18Organ systemCollection of different tissues working together to perform a function within an organism e.g. stomach, or leaf
- 19Epidermal tissueTissue one cell thick on the surface of plant roots, stems and leaves, that protects the organs
- 20XylemPlant tissue, made up of dead cells, that has the function of transporting water and dissolved substances through the plant
- 21PhloemPlant tissue, made up of living cells, that has the function of transporting food substances through the plant
- 22Palisade mesophyllLayer of tall column shaped cells in the leaf containing chloroplasts, where the majority of photosynthesis occurs
- 23ChlorophyllGreen pigment found in chloroplasts, that traps light energy for photosynthesis
- 24PhotosynthesisChemical reaction that enable plants to build carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water, using energy from sunlight
- 25Word equationA way of representing a chemical reaction using the names of chemicals e.g. oxygen and glucose
- 26Chemical equationA way of representing a chemical reaction using symbols of chemicals e.g. CO2 and H20
- 27StomataPores (holes) on the surface of a leaf that allows water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen to move in and out of the leaf
- 28Rate of photosynthesisHow quickly a plant is photosynthesising. This is affected by factors including levels of CO2, light, and temperature
- 29Limiting factorE.g. carbon dioxide level, light intensity or temperature, which will affect the rate of photosynthesis if it is in short supply
- 30DistributionDetail of where species are found over the total area of where they occur. E.g. woodlice have a high distribution under a log.
- 31PopulationThe number of organisms of the same species in a selected area
- 32CommunityAll the populations of organisms that live together and interact in the same area
- 33RelationshipInteraction between different species living together in the same area
- 34SamplingCounting a small number of a large total population in order to study its distribution
- 35QuadratA quadrat is a square grid used in ecology for sampling purposes.
- 36TransectA line or path through part of the environment showing a range of different habitats
- 37ProteinLarge molecules made up of many amino acids. Many roles within organisms, e.g. muscle, hormones and enzymes
- 38Amino acidThe building blocks of proteins. When proteins are digested, amino acids are absorbed into the blood
- 39EnzymeBiological catalyst made of protein. They catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms
- 40CatalystSubstance that speeds up a reaction without being used up itself.
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- Flashcards on B2 Keywords, created by Bunty Matheson on 17/05/2016.
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- Bunty Matheson
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