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Flashcards

Semester 2 Final

haleyyhoward5 Honors Spanish 4 High School Diploma English 54 cards

Cards in this deck (54)

  1. 1How do you form the present subjunctive?Put the verb in its present tense yo form, drop the -o, and add the opposite ending. The stem changes maintain boot format (don't apply for nosotros and vosotros), expect -ir verbs change -e to -i and -o to -u in nosotros and vosotros.
  2. 2Subjunctive ending for -car verbs?-que
  3. 3Subjunctive ending for -gar verbs?-gue
  4. 4Subjunctive ending for -zar verbs?-ce
  5. 5Subjunctive ending for vowel+-cer/-cir verbs?-zca
  6. 6Subjunctive ending for consonant+-cer/-cir verbs?-za
  7. 7Subjunctive ending for -ger/-gir verbs?-ja
  8. 8Subjunctive ending for -go-go verbs?-ga
  9. 9What is the present subjunctive form of ser?sea
  10. 10What is the present subjunctive form of ver?vea
  11. 11What is the present subjunctive form of estar?esté (all forms with accent except for nosotros)
  12. 12What is the present subjunctive form of dar?dé (only yo and él/ella/Ud. forms have accent)
  13. 13What is the present subjunctive form of saber?sepa
  14. 14What is the present subjunctive form of caber?quepa
  15. 15What is the present subjunctive form of ir?vaya
  16. 16What is the present subjunctive form of haber?haya
  17. 17What are the uses of the present perfect subjunctive?1. Action that has already taken place just before the present.
    2. To ask if one "has ever. Or up until this point "I have not."
    3. To describe something that began in the past and continues through the present.
  18. 18How do you form the present perfect subjunctive?Present subjunctive of hater + participle
    (-ado/-ido)
  19. 19What are the preterite -ar endings?yo -é, tú -aste, él -ó, nosotros -amos, vosotros -asteis, ellos -aron
  20. 20What are the preterite -er/-ir endings?yo -í, tú -iste, él -ió, nosotros -imos, vosotros -isteis, ellos -ieron
  21. 21What is the ellis preterite ending for vowel+-er/-ir verbs?-yeron
  22. 22Are there stem changes in the preterite?Only in the él and ellis form of -ir verbs (-e to -i and -o to -u)
  23. 23What is the él and ellis form of reír?rió, rieron
  24. 24What is the él and ellis form of reñir?reño, riñieron
  25. 25How do you form the imperfect subjunctive?1. Begin with the preterite ellis form.
    2. Remove -ron from ending.
    3. Add new endings (same for all verbs)
  26. 26What are the -ra endings of the imperfect subjunctive?yo -ra, tú -ras, él -ra, nosotros -ramos (with accent on previous vowel), ellos -ran
  27. 27What are the -se endings of the imperfect subjunctive?yo -se, tú -ses, él -se, nosotros -semos (with accent on previous vowel), ellos -sen
  28. 28How do you form the present perfect subjunctive?1. Form of haber in imperfect subjunctive (hubiera)
    2. Add verb in -ado/-ido form (remember irregulars)
  29. 29What does DECIAN stand for?D=Desire, Doubt, Disbelief, Denial
    E=Emotional Expressions
    C=Commands in a Polite Form
    I=Impersonal Expressions
    A=Adverbial Clauses
    N=Negative Beliefs
  30. 30Subjunctive uses for desire? (verbs, rules)Deseo que…(Desear)
    Quiero que…(Querer)
    Prefiero que…(Preferir)
    Espero que…(Esperar)
    Ojalá que…
    Pronouns and reflexives go before subjunctive.
    If no que or second subject use infinitive.
  31. 31Subjunctive uses for verbs of prohibition/permission? (verbs, rules)Dejar
    Permitir
    Prohibir
    With que use subjunctive
    Without que use infinitive
  32. 32Subjunctive uses for commands in a polite form? (verbs, rules)Te recomiendo que…=I recommend that you…
    Te aconsejo que…=I advise you to…
    Te sugiero que…=I sugget that you…
    Necesito que…=I need you to…
    Insisto que…=I insist that you…
    Te pido que…=I ask that you…
    Te digo que…=I tell you that…
    Use D.O.P./I.O.P. to find second subject unless theres an D.O.P./I.O.P. after the sue, then use that one.
    Always use subjunctive unless no que or if poder or decir have nothing before it.
  33. 33Subjunctive uses for emotional expressions? (verbs, rules)Estar+adjective (contento, enojado, orgulloso, preocupado)
    If followed by de que use subjunctive. If followed by de use infinitive.
    Me alegra que…=It makes me happy that…
    Temo que…=I am afraid that…
    Siento que…=I feel that…
    Me molesta que…=It bothers me that…
    Me preocupa que…=It worries me that…
    Tengo miedo que…=I am scared that…
    Me soprende que…=It surprises me that…
    Me enoja que…=It makes me angry that…
    Always followed by subjunctive
  34. 34Subjunctive uses for impersonal expressions? (verbs, rules)Es importante que…
    Es necesario que…
    Es mejor que…
    No es verdad que…
    No es obvio que…
    No es cierto que…
    No es claro que…
    No es evidente que…
    No es seguro que…
    más vale
    Always followed by subjunctive.
  35. 35What does VOCCES stand for?Es verdad que…
    Es obvio que…
    Es cierto que…
    Es claro que…
    Es evidente que…
    Es seguro que…
    Always INDICATIVE, unless phrased in a question.
  36. 36Subjunctive uses for doubt, disbelief, and denial? (verbs, rules)Dudo que…
    Subjunctive, but if no is in front of it it's indicative.
    No creo que…
    Subjunctive, but without the no it's indicative.
    Niego que...
    Subjunctive, but if no is in front of it it's indicative.
    No estoy seguro que…
    Subjunctive, but without the no it's indicative.
  37. 37Subjunctive uses for negative beliefs? (verbs, rules)No pienso que…
    No opino que…
    No parece que…
    Subjunctive, but without the no it's indicative.
    No hay ninguno que…
    No hay nadie que...
  38. 38Words the end in -quieraDondequiera=wherever
    Cuandoquiera=whenever
    Quienquiera/Quienesquiera=whoever
    Cualquiera/Cualesquiera=whatever/any
    Por+Adjective/Adverb+que=however/no matter how
    All followed by subjunctive.
  39. 39What does ESCAPAA stand for?E=En caso que…(in case that)
    S=Sin que…(without)
    C=Con tal (de) que…(provided that)
    A=A menos que…(unless that)
    P=Para que…(in order that)
    A=Antes (de) que…(before)
    A=A fin de que…(so that)
    ALWAYS subjunctive, unless no que then it's indicative. Can have same subject for both clauses.
  40. 40What type of verb follows como sí no matter what?imperfect subjunctive
  41. 41What does TEMCHAD stand for?T=Tan pronto como (as soon as)
    E=En cuanto (as soon as)
    M=Mientras (while)
    C=Cuando (when)
    H=Hasta que (until)
    A=Aunque (although, even though, even if)
    D=Después (de) que (after that)
    De modo que (in such a way that)
    De manera que (with the result that)
  42. 42Rules for TEMCHAD usesSubjunctive when action hasn't happened.
    Clues: future, present plans for future (voy a…, pienso/planeo, prometo, intento, trato), commands
    Indicative when the action has already happened or is habitual (happens all of the time so we know it will continue to happen)
    Clues: preterite, habitual actions (siempre, luego que, tan pronto)
  43. 43Aunque Rules1. Use subjunctive if meaning=even if
    2. Use indicative if meaning=even though
  44. 44What does CAMELoT stand for? Rules?C=Cuando (when)
    A=Aunque (although, even though, even if)
    E=En cuanto (as soon as)
    L=Luego que (as soon as)
    or
    T=Tan pronto como (as soon as)
    1. If has not happened yet use subjunctive.
    2. If happens all of the time use present.
    3. If has already happened yet use preterite or imperfect.
  45. 45What does HD3 stand for? Rules?H=Hasta que (until)
    D=Después (de) que (after that)
    De modo que (in such a way that)
    De manera que (with the result that)
    1. All have que.
    2. Without que and have not happened yet use subjunctive.
    3. With que and already happened/happened in the past use indicative
  46. 46De modo que and De manera que Rules1. If expressing purpose use subjunctive. (I do this so this happens)
    2. If you're explaining a result/consequence use subjunctive.
  47. 47Si Clauses (If…then…) Rules1. If it is reality or possible use indicative.
    2. If you're dreaming, it's impossible, or could never happen use the subjunctive (contrary to reality).
    3. Si+indicative goes with indicative (present, preterite, imperfect)
    4. If x is present and generally happens, y is present.
    5. If x present and is referring to a specific situation, then y is future or a command.
    6. If x is preterite then y is preterite, future, or command.
  48. 48What are the future tenses?-ar, -er, -ir verbs:
    yo -é, tú -ás, él -á, nosotos -emos, ellos -án
  49. 49What are the conditional tenses?-ar, -er, -ir verbs:
    yo -ía, tú -ías, él -ía, nosotos -íamos, ellos -ían
  50. 50What are the irregulars for the conditional and future tenses?podr-
    querr-
    sabr-
    habr-
    cabr-
    tendr-
    pondr-
    vendr-
    saldr-
    valdr-
    dir-
    har-
  51. 51Rules for PeroPero=but, nevertheless
    1. When following an affirmative clause it means but and the next clause is negative.
    2. When following an negative clause it means but and the next clause is affirmative.
  52. 52Rules for SinoSino=not this, but that
    1. Only follows negative clause.
    2. Gives an alternative.
    3. Never followed by a conjugated verb.
  53. 53Rules for Sino queSino que=not this, but that
    1. Followed by conjugated verb (conjugate in same tense as previous verb).
  54. 54Rules for No sólo…sino tambiénNo sólo…sino también=Not only (this), but also (that)
    1. Always go together.

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High School Diploma Honors Spanish 4 Flashcards on Semester 2 Final , created by haleyyhoward5 on 07/06/2016.
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