6000454
Description
Flashcards by Ayo Aderemi, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ayo Aderemi
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is respiration? | A process that produces energy through the intake of oxygen It releases carbon dioxide as a waste product of the process |
| What are the two different types of respiration? | Aerobic - respiration that uses oxygen Anaerobic - respiration that doesn't uses oxygen |
| What happens during aerobic respiration? | chemical reactions, which are controlled by enzymes, occur that use glucose and oxygen as well as releasing energy |
| How often does aerobic respiration take place? | Continuously in plants and animals |
| Where do the reactions take place in aerobic respiration? | Reactions take place in the mitochondria |
| What is the formula for aerobic respiration? | Glucose + oxygen ➞ Carbon dioxide + water (+ energy) |
| What is the energy produced in aerobic respiration used for? | to build larger molecules from smaller ones to enable muscles to contract to maintain a steady body temperature in colder surroundings to build up sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids which are then built up into proteins. |
| What happens during exercise? | ■ the heart rate increases ■ the rate and depth of breathing increases These changes increase the blood flow to the muscles and so increase the supply of sugar and oxygen and increase the rate of removal of carbon dioxide. |
| Where is glycogen stored and what is it used for? | Glycogen is stored in the muscles and is used to covert back to glucose which used during exercise |
| What is anaerobic respiration? | It is the incomplete breakdown of glucose and produces lactic acid |
| When is aerobic respiration used? | if insufficient oxygen is reaching the muscles anaerobic respiration is used to obtain energy |
| What is the problem with anaerobic respiration? | As the breakdown of glucose is incomplete, much less energy is released than during aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration results in an oxygen debt that has to be repaid in order to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water. |
| What causes muscle fatigue? | The build-up of lactic acid in the muscles Blood flowing through the muscles removes the lactic acid |
| What happens when muscles become fatigued? | If muscles are subjected to long periods of vigorous activity they stop contracting efficiently |
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