6133369
Description
Flashcards by Monica Rodrigues, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Monica Rodrigues
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a hydrocarbon? | A compound containing ONLY hydrogen and carbon atoms |
| What is a functional group? | An atom or group of atoms that give a compound its characteristic chemical reactivity |
| What is a homologous series? | A series of compounds that have the same FUNCTIONAL GROUP and the same GENERAL FORMULA. Successive members of the series differ by an extra CH2 unit |
| What is the meaning of saturated? | An organic compound which contains ONLY single bonds between carbon atoms |
| What is the name given to the relationship between compounds with the same molecular formula? | Structural isomers |
| When does incomplete combustion occur? | When there is insufficient oxygen |
| Why is incomplete combustion a problem? | Carbon monoxide binds to haemoglobin not allowing oxygen to do so. + CO is toxic and prolonged exposure is fatal. |
| Why the reaction of an halogen with an alkane not a particularly good way to manufacture a desired compound? | - It's a radical substitution reaction - Further substitution may occur - Many other products are made - Yield of wanted product is low |
| What is a radical? | An atom or group of atoms with an unpaired electron |
| What is homolytic fission? | A process where a covalent bond breaks so that one electron making up the covalent bond stays with one atom and the other electron stays with the other |
| What are the stages of radical substitution? | 1. INITIATION: UV breaks bonds in halogen forming radicals 2. PROPAGATION: Radical reacts with alkane (takes H from alkane) leaves alkane as a radical : Alkane radical takes an atom from halogen molecule 3. TERMINATION: any 2 radicals react -> stable molecule |
| What are the conditions required for radical substitution to occur? | UV light |
| What are isoelectronic species? | Elements or ions that have the same, or equal number of electrons |
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