Flashcards
Micro Lab exam #2
Cards in this deck (95)
- 1Broth Property: ClearNo growth
- 2Broth Property: Turbid/CloudyGreater the concentration of bacteria the cloudier it appears
- 3Broth Property: SedimentNo 02 requirement, obligate anaerobe
- 4Broth Property: FlocculenceFluffy particles suspended
- 5Broth Property: concentrated more toward top of tubeFacultative anaerobe
- 6Broth Property: Concentration distributed evenlyAerotolerant anaerobe
- 7Broth Property: Microaerophilenot all the way tot he top but close to the top
- 8Broth Property: StreamersThreadlike filaments suspended
- 9Broth Property: PellicleCollected at top and a film covers the entire surface
- 10Broth Property: RingCollected @ top of tube just at the edges
- 11Opacity of coloniesability of light to transmit through the colony
- 12Colony form: looks snowflake or root likeRhizoid
- 13Colony form: small point like coloniesPunctiform
- 14Colony form: even and uniformCircular/round
- 15Colony form: Very long rods, longer than wideFilamentous
- 16Colony form: Margins have finger like projectionsLobate
- 17Colony form: non uniform all around colonyIrregular
- 18Colony Margins: SmoothEntireEntire/even
- 19Colony Margins: bacterial colony with a deeply undulate marginLobate
- 20Colony Margin: wavyUndulate
- 21Colony Margin: Hair like edgesFilamentous
- 22Colony Margin: Looks like a bread knifeErose/Serrated
- 23Colony Margin: Wave after wave after waveCurled
- 24Colony Margin: CoarseGranular
- 25Colony Elevations: bulge up from the plate in a pronounced semicircle.convex
- 26Colony elevation: no raised areaFlat
- 27Colony elevation: very convexPulvinate
- 28Colony elevation: buldge slightly from surfaceRaised
- 29Colony elevation: Very bumpyhilly
- 30Colony elevation: non uniformIrregular
- 31Colony elevation: nipple likeUmbonate
- 32Pigments will diffuse into agar/brothH20 soluble
- 33Pigments stay inside organisim & agar and broth don't change colorH20 insoulble
- 34what is the range of colonies counted for enumeration?30-300
- 35how to calculate # of bacteria per mL(count from plate/vol. of bacteria stock) * reciprocal of dilution
50/1*100/1=5000 - 36Selective mediaEncourages growth of desired organisims & suppresses the growth of unwanted bacteria
- 37Differential mediaallows distinction of colonies of a certain organisim from the others growing in the same culture
- 38MAC selective featureBile Salts & crystal violet
Inhibit Gram + - 39MAC differential featureLactose (carbs) & neutral red (pH indicator)
- 40MAC how to read differential resultspH decreases d/t fermentation of lactose turns colonies & media red/pink
- 41what does no growth on MAC plate meanGram +
can't determine lactose fermentation - 42what does growth with no color change mean on MAC plateGram -
non lactose fermenter - 43What does growth with color change (red/pink) mean on MACGram -
lactose fermenter - 44what is Caliform bacteriaproduce acid as a result of fermentation and exhibit red/pink coloration on surface of MAC
- 45Example of a bacteria that reads + on MACE.Coli
- 46Example of bacteria that reads negative on MACDysentary, typhoid, parathyroid bacilli
- 47MSA selective featureHigh NaCl concentration (7.5%)
selects for salt tolerant species - 48MSA differential featureMannitol (carb) & phenol red (pH indicator)
color changes from red to yellow as pH decreases - 49How to read differential features on MSAchange from red to yellow as pH decreases/ differentiates between pathogenic(mannitol fermenter) and non pathogenic(non fermenter)staphylococci
- 50no growth on MSA platenot salt tolerant
can't determine mannitol fermentation - 51Growth with no color change on MSASalt tolerant, non mannitol fermenter
- 52Example of a salt tolerant non mannitol fermenterStaphylococcus epidermis
Non pathogenic - 53Growth with change in color (to yellow) of media on MSASalt tolerant
mannitol fermentation - 54Example of bacteria that grows and changes color on MSAStaphylococcus aureus
pathogenic - 55Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar (PEA) selective featurePhenylethyl alcohol
inhibits/represses Gram - - 56Growth on PEA plateGram +
- 57No growth on PEAGram -
- 58Eosin Methylene Blue Agar EMB Selective featureEosin & Methylene blue dyes
Inhibit Gram + bacteria - 59EMB differential featureLactose (carbs) & eosin/methylene blue (pH indicator)
- 60How to read the differential features of EMBDifferentiates b/t enteric lactose fermenters & non fermenters; identifies colon bacillus
- 61No growth on EMB plateGram +
- 62Growth with no color change (appear purple of agar b/c of transparency) on EMBGram -
non lactose fermenter - 63Growth with color change (dark pink colonies) on EMBGram -
lactose fermenter - 64what bacteria has blue/black colonies with green sheen on EMBE.Coli
- 65what bacteria has thick mucoid pink colonies on EMBEnterobacter aerogenes
- 66Blood Agar differential featureDegree of hemolysis
- 67Blood Agar has clear zone around colony (complete hemolysis)Beta
- 68example of a bacteria with Beta hemolysis on Blood agarStreptococcus pyogenes
- 69Cloudy area around colony on blood agar (incomplete hemolysis)Alpha
- 70example of bacteria that has Alpha hemolysis on blood agarStreptococcus pneumoniae
- 71Blood agar around/under colonies unchanged (no hemolysis)Gamma
- 72Example of bacteria with Gamma on blood agarEnterococcus faecalis
- 73How long is UV irradiation<400nm
- 74what is the effect of UV light @ 265nm on most bacteria, fungi, virusesgermicidal
- 75What are the two effects radiation has on bacteria?Death & Mutation/gene alterations
- 76How does UV light mutate bacteriathe UV light is absorbed by nucleic acids in DNA
- 77what is lethal mutationIf a mutated gene is part of critical gene coding for a protein making a metabolic product the cell dies
- 78UV light can effect the DNA of a bacteria what is the term used for thismutagenic agent
- 79What is the buldge in DNA that interferes with transcription and ultimately translationThymine dimers
- 80what is a dimerChemical combination of 2 exact subunits bound by covalent bonds
- 81what happens when UV light exictes the molecular bonding configuration w/in certain parts of a moleculeif it happens within a base sequence of DNA covalent bods can form
- 82when a covalent bond occurs b/t two adjacent thymine bases what is formedThymine Dimer
- 83How is a thymine dimer readAs one unit instead of 2 individual bases
- 84what happens when a thymine dimer is read as one unitProduces incorrect codon & gene sequencing and prevents hydrogen bonding w/adenine bases
- 85what is photoactivation/photorepairSome species have enzymes that are activates by visable light to separate the dimers
- 86what is the 1st enzyme activated during photoactivation/photorepairEndonuclease
- 87what does endonuclease doHydrolyzes the region of the strand w/ the dimer cutting it out
- 88What is the 2nd activated excision enzyme in photoactivation/photorepairDNA polymerase
- 89what does DNA polymerase do during photoactivation/photorepairSynthesizes a new segment of DNA using a complementary strand as a temple
- 90What is the 3rd excision enzyme activated in photactivation/photorepairDNA ligase
- 91What does DNA ligase do during photoactivation/PhotorepairSeals the newly synthesized segment of DNA into the original strand
- 92Is Gram - or Gram + more sensitive to UV lightGram -
- 93What do endospore formers have that make them resistant to UV lightProtiens that prevent thymine dimer formation
- 94Are heavily pigmented of those with little or no pigment more susceptible to UV lightlittle or no pigment are more susceptible to damage from UV light
- 95Are photosynthetic species more or less resistant to UV lightMore resistant
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- Flashcards on Micro Lab exam #2, created by ski_bumb on 30/03/2014.
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