6948394
Description
Flashcards by Mamie Cooper, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Mamie Cooper
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Calcium functions | Bone growth, development, maintenance blood clot formation muscle contraction |
| additional calcium function | lowers risk of bone fractures lowers risk of colon cancer lowers risk of kidney stone formation lowers BP improve lipid profile |
| Getting enough calcium | Rule of 300s- estimate calcium need |
| Calcium Deficiency | Decreased bone mineral density which can lead to osteopenia, osteoporosis Low blood Calcium which can cause high BP, muscle cramps, abnormal heart rhythm |
| Very high intake of calcium can | increase risk of kidney stones headaches kidney failure tissue calcification decreased absorption of other minerals |
| Regulation of Blood Calcium | Secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) Secretion of calcitonin |
| Type 1 osteoporosis | (postmenopausal) affects trabecular bone undergoing rapid remodeling |
| Type 2 Osteoporosis | breakdown of cortical bone and trabecular bone |
| Vitamin D functions | Regulates calcium absorption in three ways: 1. from small intestine 2. with PTH and calcitonin to regulate calcium secretion via kidney 4. bone remodeling |
| Vitamin D deficiency | Rickets |
| Vitamin D toxicity symptoms | weakness loss of appetite diarrhea and vomiting confusion increased urine output |
| Major food sources of vitamin D | fatty fish-sardines and salmon fortified dairy foods fortified breakfast cereals |
| Magnesium functions | Nerve and heart relax muscles after contraction provides rigidity to bones resistance to tooth decay lower risk of type 2 diabetes |
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