Flashcards
Ch. 4 Some Key Ingredients for Inferential Statistics
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1normal distributionFrequency distribution following a normal curve.
- 2normal curveSpecific, mathematically defined, bell-shaped frequency distribution that is symmetrical and unimodal; distributions observed in nature and in research commonly approximate it.
- 3normal curve tableTable showing percentages of scores associated with the normal curve; the table usually includes percentages of scores between the mean and various numbers of standard deviations above the mean and percentages of scores more positive than various numbers of standard deviations above the mean.
- 4populationEntire group of people to which a researcher intends the results of a study to apply; the large group to which inferences are made on the basis of the particular set of people (sample) studied.
- 5sampleScores of the particular group of people studied; usually considered to be representative of the scores in some larger population.
- 6random selectionMethod for selecting a sample that uses truly random procedures (usually meaning that each person in the population has an equal chance of being selected); one procedure is for the researcher to begin with a complete list of all the people in the population and select a group of them to study using a table of random numbers.
- 7haphazard selectionProcedure of selecting a sample of individuals to study by taking whoever is available or happens to be first on a list.
- 8population parameterActual value of the mean, standard deviation, and so on, for the population (usually population parameters are not known, though often they are estimated based on information in samples).
- 9sample statisticDescriptive statistic, such as the mean or standard deviation, figured from the scores in a particular group of people studied.
- 10probabilityExpected relative frequency of a particular outcome; the proportion of successful outcomes to all outcomes.
- 11outcomeTerm used in discussing probability for the result of an experiment (or almost any event, such as a coin coming up heads or it raining tomorrow).
- 12expected relative frequencyIn figuring probabilities, number of successful outcomes divided by the number of total outcomes you would expect to get if you repeated an experiment a large number of times.
- 13long-run relative-frequency interpretation of probabilityUnderstanding of probability as the proportion of a particular outcome that you would get if the experiment were repeated many times.
- 14pProbability.
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- Survey of Analytical Techniques Flashcards on Ch. 4 Some Key Ingredients for Inferential Statistics, created by Jess B on 13/11/2016.
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