Flashcards
1_Physics
Cards in this deck (61)
- 1explain the process of conduction through a metalmetal has free electrons so the Kinetic energy of the free electrons also increases so the move and transfer their energy to other ions
- 2why are gases easy to compress in terms of particlesGases are easy to compress because they have a weaker force of attraction between them and they are more spread out and further apart they also have low densities and have a weaker force of attraction between the particles
- 3Explain how heat is transferred by the process of convection from the gas flame at the bottom of the oven to the potatoes at the top of the ovenair particles gain energy and move faster they move apart and the air expands air becomes less dense and hot air rises
- 4A wet towel spread out and hung outside on a day without wind dries faster than an identical wet towel left rolled up in a plastic bag. Explain why.Larger surface area increases the rate of evaporation as more particles(high energy) are able to escape the surface of the towel so the temperature will then decrease and cause the towel to dry faster
- 5Explain how condensation causes a gas to turn to a liquidThe average kinetic energy is decreased so particles are more closer together as the gas cools down. They are less further apart so liquids is then formed
- 6Black surfaces are good at...Emitting and absorbing radiation
- 7Factors affecting the rate of evaporationIncrease in temp the greater the number of molecules faster to escape from the surface
Surface area larger area more molecules able to escape
increasing airflow increase number of medium molecules escaping by carrying before they can return as liquid - 8Explain the U-valueu value measures how effective the material is as an insulator. The lower the u value the better the material is as an insulator
- 9Explain how the design of the Vacuum flask reduces energy transferVacuum between 2 walls cuts out energy transfer by conduction and convection
Glass poor conductor and silvery surface reduce radiation from outer wall
Spring made of plastic good insulator plastic cap stops cooling by evaporation stops vapor loss and energy transfer by conduction is stopped as well - 10Light shiny surfaces...Reflect more radiation
- 11Loft InsulationFibre glass reduce rate of energy transfer through the roof. Fibre glass good insulator, the air between the fibre reduces rate of energy transfer by conduction
- 12Aluminum FoilReflects radiation
- 13Cavity wall insulationInsulation pumped into cavity, better insulator than the air it replaces it traps the air reducing the convection current
- 14Double glazed windowDry air is a good insulator reduces rate of energy transfer by conduction. Vacuum cuts out energy transfer by convection
- 15Solar panelSolar panels contain water heated by radiation from the sun. Water used to heat buildings or provide hot water
- 16The bigger the temperature differenceThe bigger the rate of heat energy transfer
- 17Specific heat capacityE= m*c*0
- 18What factors affect the rate of condensation on a surfaceCondensation on a surface can be increased by increasing the surface area or reducing the temperature
- 19How can you work out the Payback timeCost/Saving
- 201 watt =I joules of energy per second
- 21Energy transferred =Power * time
either in Joules or Kj
OR
kWh - 22Freezer has a power of 0.05 kWh Calculate the energy transferred in a dayo.o5*24
1.2kWh - 23Describe how electricity is generated from Fossil Fuels include the different energy transfersChemical-Burns- heat to kinetic energy of steam to kinetic energy of turbines which drives and makes the generator produce electrical energy
- 24What are the advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuelsRelatively cheap
Reliable
Generates lots of electricity
Release CO2 cause climate change
Sulfur dioxide Acid rain - 25Carbon capture Storage (CCS)New technology advancing rapidly
co2 is captured before released into the air then pumped underground and stored - 26Bio fuelsTree convert light energy to chemical energy during photosynthesis.
Burn -heat steam -turbine-generator-electricity - 27What are the advantages and disadvantages of bio-fuelsRenewable
Carbon neutral
Reliable
Land used to grow bio-fuel could have been used to grow crops
can be destructive to wildlife habitats - 28Process of hydroelectric powerGPE of water behind the dam- KE in moving water- KE of turbine -energy (electricity)
Rainwater collected in reservoir flows downhill flowing water drives turbine used to generate electricity - 29Process of wave powerKinetic energy of the wave forces air up and down the column drives the turbine connected to the generator electrical energy produced
- 30Process of Tidal powercreate a tidal barrage across an estuary high tide barrage opened allowing water to fill the estuary barrage then closed low tide water allowed to flow out through the turbines generating electricity.
- 31Advantage and disadvantage of Tidal powercould be used as a bridge
Expensive
damage to habitats - 32Describe process of Nuclear powerNuclear reactor contains fuel rods of uranium or plutonium uranium undergoes nuclear fission release heat energy heat energy convert to steam drives the turbine generates the electricity
- 33Pumped storageDuring periods of low demand spare electricity used to pump water to top of the reservoir
High demand water allowed to flow downhill through the turbines connected to generator cause electricity - 34Step up and Step down transformersIncrease voltage so less energy lost
Reduce voltage so its safe to use at home - 35Advantage and disadvantage of Overhead cablesCheap to install and repair
easy to access for maintenance
don't need to be electrically insulated
heat produced in cables released in air
Visual pollution damage poor weather dangerous to helicopters higher risk of electrical shock - 36Advantage and disadvantage of Underground cablesNo visual pollution not affected by weather
cable need electrical insulation
expensive to install
heat cannot escape so needs to be cooled difficult to access
land cannot be used along pathway of the cable - 37WavesWaves transfer energy from one place to another
- 38Transverse wavesOscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
- 39Longitudinal wavesOscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer
- 40What are WavelengthsWavelength is the distance between two peaks
- 41What is the amplitudeThe amplitude is the furthest point the waves vibrate from the center point
- 42What is the frequencyThe frequency is the number of waves per second
- 431Hz is equal to...1 wave per second
- 44High frequency = Low frequency = Small amplitude = Large amplitude =High pitch
Low pitch
Quieter sound
Loud sound - 45Sound WavesSound waves require a medium for example air the sound waves cause the air to vibrate the sound cannot pass through a vacuum as there are no particles
- 46What does a cathode ray oscilloscope doIt represents longitudinal waves as transverse waves to enable scientist to calculate the amplitude and frequency etc
- 47What is an echoSound waves can reflect off of a surface
soft fabric it will be absorbed
surface not smooth reflected sound will be broken up and scattered - 48Electromagnetic spectrumGamma-X ray-UV-Light-Infrared-Microwaves-radio
Giant xylophones usually lies in music rooms - 49image formed by plane mirrorVirtual image cannot be project onto screen
laterally inverted
and upright - 50In Refraction what happens inside the block then the light leaving the block1) Light slows and the ray bends towards the normal
2) Light speeds us and the ray bends away from the normal - 51RefractionLight changes direction and also changes speed
- 52DiffractionWaves spread out when they pass through a gap
at a wide gap it is diffracted less
at a narrow gap the waves spread out - 53why is it you can hear TV when door is opened but not see itThey both have similar wavelengths so then sound can diffract through the open door
Wavelength are around 1m - 54Are mobile phones dangerous?Mobile phone releases microwaves radiation these are absorbed by the body heating up body and cells however the heating affects tiny amount as small amount of energy is released
it may be harmful to young children as they are still developing the brain and nervous system - 55The waves Equation Include unitsWave speed(m/s) = Frequency(Hz)* Wavelength(m)
- 56The Doppler effectThe change in the observed wavelength and frequency of waves due to the motion of the source of the waves
- 57Explain how the Doppler effect applies to when the train come towards the station and leaves the stationWhen the train is coming the waves are squeezed so reduced wavelength increase frequency means a high pitch towards the observer.
When the train moves away the waves are stretched so the wavelength is longer meaning decrease in frequency means a lower pitch - 58How does the red shift depend on speedThe faster a distant galaxy is moving away from us the greater the red shift
- 59Red shift has a longWavelength
- 60The Big Bang TheoryUniverse started from a small initial point
- 61What are the evidence for the big bangThe existence of the CMBR
CMBR is high energy gamma radiation after the big bang
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- P1 Core science GCSE Revision Grace Kouko
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- Grace Emmanuella
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- Created by Grace Emmanuella · Dec 14, 2016
- Copied by Grace Emmanuella · Dec 14, 2016
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