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Description
Flashcards by Hazel Meades, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Hazel Meades
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is quantitative data? | Data that expresses how much, how long or how many there are of something. Behaviour is measured in numbers/quantities. |
| What is qualitative data? | Data that expresses the "quality" of things in terms of detail. It can't be counted or quantified but can be turned into quantitative data through grouping things into categories. E.g: eye colour. |
| What are the 3 measures of central tendency? | Mean, mode, median. |
| Name and define 2 measures of dispersion. | Range - the largest value minus the smallest. Standard deviation - calculates the average distance from the mean. It's more precise and takes all values into account. |
| What is nominal data? Give an example. | The data are in separate categories e.g: eye colour, favourite subject, categorising good and bad spellers. |
| What is ordinal data? Give an example. | The data are ordered/ranked in some way e.g: spelling rank within the class, position in a race. |
| What does representative mean? | Psychologists use sampling techniques to choose people typical of the population as whole so they can generalise their results. |
| What is attrition? | The loss of participants from a study over time, making it likely to use a small or biased sample. |
| What are cohort effects? | One group of participants (cohort) may have unique characteristics because of time-specific experiences. E.g: being a kid in WW2. |
| What is imposed etic? | When a technique or theory is developed in one culture and then used to study behaviour in a different culture which has different values, norms and experiences. |
| What is interval data? Give an example. | The data are measured using units of equal intervals e.g: centimetres, seconds. Unlike ratio data, it has no true zero (e.g: temperature) meaning that whist you can add and subtract it makes no sense to multiply and divide. |
| What are aims? | What you want to achieve in your study. |
| What is a hypothesis? | The aim/idea you're testing. |
| Name and define the 3 different types of hypothesis. | Null - the IV will have no effect on the DV. This acts as a control for accuracy. Non-directional - there is a difference between the IV and DV but it's not stated. Directional - the IV will have a particular effect on the DV. |
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