PMP Introductory Concepts

Question	Answer
What is a project?	A temporary undertaking to create a unique product, service, or result. Projects help organizations achieve goals and organize activities that are not addressed through usual day-to-day operations.
How are operations different from projects?	They are ongoing, repetitive, have continuous objectives, and adapt to new objectives to the work continues to sustain business.
What are programs?	Programs are groups of projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain greater benefits and control, which could not be achieved from managing the projects separately.
What are portfolios?	Collections of projects or programs and their associated operations that are grouped together to facilitate effective management, as well as to met strategic objectives.
What are the three types of project deliverables?	1. Products 2. Services 3. Results
What is project scope?	The work to be done. Begins as a general idea with end goals and objectives. Becomes more detailed as the team develops a structured breakdown of the project.
What are the four considerations before setting the project start date?	1. The idea and budget are approved 2. The PM and team are assigned 3. The project contract is signed 4. Pre-project meetings have occurred
What are the considerations for setting a project end date?	Set a project end date according to: 1. Project acceptance 2. Specified test period after tasks is completed 3. Assured satisfaction, or end of a production run
What are the three primary concerns during a project life cycle?	1. Performance 2. Time 3. Cost
True or False: Cost and staffing levels are high at the beginning and end of the project?	False. Cost & staffing levels are Low at the beginning, Peak during the intermediate phases, and Drop Sharply as the project concludes.
True or False: Projects typically follow this cycle pattern: Slow start Quick progression Slow finish	True
Why do some projects slow down significantly toward the end?	Some projects almost act as if they are resisting completion. The primary reason for this is the numerous parts that must all come together at the end.
When is the level of uncertainty and risk the highest in the project life cycle?	At the beginning. The ability of stakeholders to influence the final product and final cost are highest at the start. Cost of changes go up as time moves on. Influence of stakeholders goes down as time moves on.
Who are project stakeholders?	Anyone who positively or negatively impacts the project.
Define organizational structure.	A system of activity-authority relationships. Organizational structures usually include both formal and informal structures.
What are matrixed organizations?	Mix of functional and projectized organizational cultures.
What are the five project management processes?	1. Initiating 2. Planning 3. Executing 4. Monitoring & Controlling 5. Closing
Describe the Initiating Process Group	Consists of the processes that facilitate the formal authorization to begin a new project or project phase.
Describe the Planning Process Group.	Gather information from many sources so the project management plan may be developed.
Describe the Executing Process Group.	Consists of processes used to complete the work defined in the project management plan.
Describe the Monitoring & Controlling Process Group.	Consists of processes performed to observe project execution, so potential problems may be identified in a timely manner and corrective action taken to control the execution of the project.
Describe the Closing Process Group.	Consists of processes used to finalize all activities and close the project or project phase.
What is the difference between standards and regulations?	Standards are documents established by consensus, approved by a recognized body. Regulations are government-imposed, mandatory requirements.
What are common project constraints?	1. Schedule/time 2. Budget 3. Resources 4. Quality 5. Risk 6. Scope
What is Project Integration Management?	Project Integration Management involves identifying, defining, combining, unifying, and coordinating various process and project management activities.
What are the major Project Integration Management processes?	1. Developing the project charter 2. Developing the project management plan 3. Directing & managing project work 4. Monitoring & controlling project work 5. Performing integrated change control 6. Closing the project (or closing the project phase)

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PMP Introductory Concepts

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	Created by Corey Beach over 7 years ago