Changing the way you learn

Question	Answer
CAMERA WORK - Framing - What's included and excluded in the shot.	Deep focus - Everything in the shot is in focus. Fore, middle and background.
Shallow Focus - Isolates the subject form the background.	Depth of Field - How much of the scene is in focus behind the subject.
Crane - Camera Movement - Camera above the ground moving through the air in any direction.	Tilt - Camera Movement - Camera body swivelling up/down on a stationary support.
Track - Camera Movement - Travels through space towards/backwards of laterally.	Canted Angle - shot on a side angle , make the audience feel unease.
Pan - Camera Movement - Camera body turning left or right.	Point of view - placed approx. where the characters eyes are showing what the character would see.
Establishing shot - Distant framing of special relations among characters; object and setting in a scene	Hand-Held - Camera Movement - Camera operator either holding the camera or using a harness.
MISE - EN - SCENE	Performance - Range of Distance Emphasis placed on facial expressions and body language.
Facial expression - Key in close up shots as helps convince audience of reality.	Lighting - Connotes importance to mood of the scene.
Costumes and Makeup - Personality, Sound, status or job.	Costumes and Makeup - Design concept as a whole.
Costumes and Makeup - Deliberate to keeping with the character.	Props - Used to dress the set appropriate to subject and genre.
Props - Anything held or used by the actor/character.	Positioning - positioning of characters or objects within a frame.
Positioning - Signals importance of character or object.	Positioning - Indication of relationships can be shown.
Setting - Location where the film or programme is shot.	Can indicate regional identity or a programme and imply a lot about characters.
SOUND	Diegetic sound - Sound within the scene that characters can hear.
Non - Diegetic sound - Sound that is added to a scene, that isn't heard by the characters.	Dialogue - A conversation between 2 or more people.
Monologue - A speech made by one person.	Voice over - When a character can be heard, but no seen. Encourages character identification.
Sound effects - Enhance a realistic sense of place.	Synchronous sound - Matches the image that we see. e.g. Footsteps as someone is walking.
Pleonastic sound - An effect that is added to exaggerate sound.	Ambient sound - Usually music, added to create a particular atmosphere.
Contrapuntal sound - often music, that does not seem to 'fit' with the image.	Sound Bridge - where a sound crosses over form one scene to another. Used to link scenes together.
Sound Motif - Sound that is associated with a particular, character, feeling or place.	Sound Mixing - A combination of all the sounds studied, to create finished audio.
EDITING - Process of selecting a number of shots together.	EDITING - builds audience interest, creates suspense and encourages audience perspective.
EDITING - creates perspective or view point within a sequence.	EDITING - the more screen time a character has the more the audience focus on them.
EDITING - Develops how the audience is positioned in relation to the representation of the character.	EDITING - Holds narrative information from the audience to encourage identification or rejection of characters.
Juxtaposition Shot - The placing of shots side by side, shots interact with each other to create meaning.	Continuity Editing - Cutting that maintains continuous and clear narrative action as a high degree of realism.
180 Degree Rule - Dictates the camera should stay in one of the areas on either side of the axis of action.	Establishing shots are essential to locate action.
Straight cut - An instant change to another shot.	Eyeline Match - A character in one shot glances at something off-screen and the cut reveals the object.
POV Cutting - off-screen - cut to - the object the character is looking at. POV shown from the characters optical view.	Match on Action Cut - Cut from one shot to another occurs when an action is performed, the action is continued from one shot to the next.
Crosscutting - Editing that alternates shots of two or more lines of action occurring in different places, simultaneously.	Reaction shot - where a subject reacts to a previous shot.
Shot - Reverse - Shot - during conversation between characters, closly linked with reaction shot.	Directional continuity - When a character exits the shot from the right they should enter the next shot from the left.
Cutaway shot - A bridging shot between two shots of the same subject.	Cut-in Shot - A particular piece of detail in a shot is highlighted by the next shot, closer emphasis to signify importance.
Graphic Match - Two successive shot joined so they create strong similarity of compositional elements.	Montage - The way different bits of a film are assembled together.
Jump cut - Elliptical cut that appears to be an interruption of a single shot.	Fades - The image gradually fades in or out, usually to a blank screen.
Dissolve - Form of transition editing - one image gradually begins to fade and the second image appears.	Wipe - One scene appears to [push another scene off of the screen.
MANIPULATION OF TIME - Events by their nature happen chronologically, by story tellers can change this to make the story to give a different perspective.	Compressing time - Long passages can be shortened to a few shots.
Expansion of time - Prolonging the action can prolong the suspense or draw out an emotional response.	Simultaneous time - Crosscutting - From one event to another can give the impression they happen at the same time.
Flashback - Memories or past events shown by juxtaposing shots of present with the past.	Flash-Forward - Visual texts into the future are rarer than flash backs, flash-forwards is more obvious in logical order of story.
Special Effects - Added in post production.	Enhances the representation and narrative.

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	Created by Lauren Scurry about 10 years ago