Flashcards
Korean War 1950-53
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1Why did the US get involved in the Korean War?CONTAINMENT
It was a test of whether the USA would resist communist expansion.
Context - Truman Doctrine of March 1947 - 2North and South Korea division38th parallel - meant to be a temporary decision at the end of WWII
Not a long-term plan
Was divided to organise Japanese surrender zones - 3When did China announce it was communist?October 1949 - Under Mao Zedong
- 4Leaders of North and South KoreaKim Il Sung (North)
Syngman Rhee (South) - 5Start of the WarNorth invades South - 25 June 1950
- 6UN Resolution 82 - JuneCondemned North Korea’s invasion
Demanded immediate withdrawal of North Korean troops - 7UN Resolution 83 - JuneCalled on member states to support South Korea
Approved military assistance - 8UN Resolution 84 - JulyCreated a UN command force led by the USA
Allowed use of UN flag
Appointed General MacArthur as commander - 9Why was the UN force important?It gave the war international legitimacy, not just a US action.
Collective Security not unilateral action. - 10How / Why did the UN become involved in the Korean War?USSR boycotting Security Council over its refusal to admit China - USSR could have vetoed UN action and stopped intervention.
- 11Defensive line - saved South KoreaThe Pusan Perimeter
- 12Counter offensive landings launched by MacArthur in 1950Inchon Landings
- 13Chinese offensive / invasion of KoreaOctober 1950 - 300,000 volunteer army cross the Yalu river - surprising the US / UN forces and forcing a retreat
- 14Stalemate developed - by when?Mid 1951
- 15MacArthur's 'fate'Removed from Command - 11 April 1951 (Replaced by General Ridgeway)
Openly criticised Truman for pursuing a 'limited war' - 16Replaced Truman as PresidentDwight D Eisenhower
34th US President
Republican
Inauguration - Jan 1953 - 17Eisenhower's Korean War strategyEnd the war -negotiated peace, not escalation or total victory.
Eisenhower hinted he might use nuclear weapons against China/North Korea - 'brinkmanship'.
BUT - accepted a divided Korea (incomplete victory) - 18A27 Jul7 1953
Ended the fighting (ceasefire)
Created the Demilitarised Zone (DMZ)
Left Korea still divided - 19Civilian casualties1.5–3 million civilians killed
Around 10% of Korea’s population died
3 million refugees
500,000 homes destroyed - 20Military casualtiesUnited Nations / South Korea:
Around 440,000 military casualties (UN forces) / USA: ~36,500 deaths
South Korea: approx. 700,000+
Communist forces: c.1 million military casualties / China: c.180,000–600,000 deaths - 21How Japan benefitted from the Korean warUS / UN use Japan as a logistics base /
$3 billion from military procurements / start of Japan's 'economic miracle' / secured Japanese + US relations - 22US claim 'success'North Korean invasion reversed
South Korea remained independent and non-communist.
Warned communist states that expansion would be resisted.
Japan strengthened economically
Information
- Description
- A level Cold War A Level Flashcards on Korean War 1950-53, created by Drew Bott on 07/02/2017.
- Created by
- Drew Bott
- Views
- 83
- History
-
- Created by Millie Blemkin · Jan 13, 2015
- Copied by Drew Bott · Feb 7, 2017
- Rating