Flashcards
Progressivism
Cards in this deck (28)
- 1name the three progressive presidents.Theodore Roosevelt, William Taft and Woodrow Wilson
- 2Name some of the things Progressivism achieved locally?Votes for women became the 19th Amendment. Direct election to the senate 17th amendment and being able to recall an office-holder before the end of their term if 25% of voters were in favour.
- 3What were 'muckraking' journalists?a group of writers that used their works to call attention to certain abuses in politics and business.
- 4Name three Muckraking journalists and their most famous worksUpton Sinclair (The Jungle), Lincoln Steffens (Shame of the Cities) and Frank Norris (The Octopus)
- 5What were the three arias that progressives were most concerned about?Conservation, Social Justice and rise of big Business (trust busting)
- 6what were the three thing Roosevelt called for?More meritocracy in the civil service, conservation of natural resources and federal government having more control over business and interstate transport.
- 7What was the 'square deal'?the collective names for Roosevelt's policies to give it coherence, and would be able to all Americans
- 8Name one example of when Roosevelt got actively involved in social justice?The Pennsylvania miners strike 1902. He was able to get them a 10% wage increase and a nine hour working day as well as an independent board of arbitration but was unable to get them trade union recognition.
- 9what was the Newlands Act?used the money form land sales to fund irrigation projects and established national parks to prevent arias of natural beauty from being developed.
- 10What was the Pure Food and Drug Act?outlawed false labelling of food and drugs.
- 11What was the Meat Inspection Act and what was it in response to?it was in response to the book 'The Jungle' By Upton Sinclair, it improved the conditions of the meat packing industry
- 12Which law did Roosevelt enforce which McKinley and Cleveland had ignored?The 1890 Sherman Anti-Trust Act, Roosevelt also established a Bureau of Corporations in 1903 to investigate allegations against Trusts. Congress gave him a budget of $500,000 to allow the government to prosecute businesses.
- 13What was The Elkins Act 1903?made secret rebates on railroads illegal and the recipient of a rebate could be prosecuted not just the grantor. It also made the agents of railroad companies liable for any change in the published rates
- 14What was The Hepburn Act 1906?it strengthened the power f the Interstate Commerce Commission: it increased membership from 5 to 7. it was able to reduce rate it thought was too high, placed the burden of proof on the carrier not the Commission where there was a legal challenge. Forbids railroads from carrying goods they had been involved in producing. established a uniform system for accounting and extended the authority of the Commission to pipelines, ferries and express companies.
- 15List four things Taft did to help social justice?All government employees given 8 hour days. The departments of labour and commerce established in 1913 to help secure decent working conditions and to supervise America's commercial development. The Sixteenth Amendment was ratified in 1913 permitting the imposition of graduated income tax. In 1910 the Mann-Elkins Act strengthened the powers of the ICC by giving it authority to supervise telephone, telegraph and wireless companies . Allowing it to institute it's own legal proceedings and creating new Commerce Court to speed up proceedings.
- 16what happened in 1911 (trusts)The Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, was dissolved for creating an illegal monopoly. And the American Tobacco Company was forced to reorganise due to the illegal combination of the company.
- 17What happened between Taft and Tariffs.in 1908 tariffs were at there highest level ever at 57% after a long debate in congress he passed the Payne- Aldrich Bill which reduced rates to 40% which disappointed progressives and gave them doubts.
- 18How else did Taft upset Roosevelt supporters?he took the advise of Ballinger (secretary of Interior) and restored some land to private ownership. He was accused of abandoning Roosevelt's commitment to conservation. Progressives began to plot against him.
- 19Why did Wilson Win the 1912 election?Taft ran again, But Roosevelt had set up his own party (the Bull Moose Progressive Party) to run against him. This split the Republican vote some voted for Taft some Roosevelt therefore the Democrats, with only one candidate, were able to get the majority.
- 20What is the Smith-Lever Act 1914?an Act which helped farmers learn new agricultural techniques.
- 21What was the Federal Farm Loan Act 1916?provided federal farm loan bank in local districts. So farmers could get long term mortgages at a lower rate then at commercial banks.
- 22What was the Adamson Act 1916?8 hour day and over time pay for railroad workers involved in interstate commerce .
- 23What was the Keating-Owen Act 1916?banned article produced by children under 14 from being traded/ transported between states (later deemed unconstitutional)
- 24What was the LA Follette Seamen's Act 1915?helped to improve safety, payment and conditions for sailors and merchant seamen.
- 25What was the Clayton Anti-Trust ActMade it clear that strikes, boycotts and picketing was legal under federal law (some states it was due to the restriction on trade.) it limited the amount of injunctions used to stop strikes, made it clear that agricultural and industrial Trade U's were not trusts. Also clarified certain restrictions on business practice: price discrimination in interstate trade, major holding of ones corporation's stock (to limit the powers of holding companies) and directorates that interlocked in big businesses involved in interstate trade.
- 26What was the Federal Trade Commission?board of five members to oversee businesses involved in interstate trade. They made annual reports by investigating practices such as labelling and advertising.
- 27What was the Federal Reserve Act?to create a nation wide system of credit administration by an independent Federal Reserve board to regulate the rates of interest and currency circulation in 12 districts of the US. Which allowed them to vary the amount of currency flow in different parts of the country.
- 28What was the Underwood Tariff of 1913?reduced rates on more than 1000 items. Increased rates of 100 luxury items, increased the number of 'free-items' (no taxes) to include steel, iron and wool and introduced graduated income tax.
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- Flashcards on Progressivism , created by jsavage1 on 22/04/2014.
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- jsavage1 · Apr 2014
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- Feb 19, 2016
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