796518
Description
Flashcards by Chloe Roberts, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Chloe Roberts
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Name the main parts of the earth, starting from its centre. | Inner core → Outer Core → Mantle → Crust → Atmosphere |
| Why should we be careful not to waste the earth's resource's | The raw materials and materials we depend on come from the crusts, the oceans and the atmosphere therefore they are limited and will run out. |
| Name three gases that scientists think were in the Earth's early atmonsphere | Carbon Dioxide → Ammonia → Methane |
| Name Four gases that are now in the atmosphere | Carbon Dioxide → Oxygen → Nitrogen → Argon |
| How did the oceans form? | As the earth cooled most of the water vapour condensed to form oceans |
| What what the effect of algae and plants on the early atmosphere? | The amount of carbon dioxide decreased and amount of oxygen increased |
| What are tectonic plates? | The earth's crust and upper part of the mantle is cracked into massive pieces called tectonic plates |
| Why do tectonic plates move? | Because of convection currents in the mantel that are caused by radioactive decay |
| How much do tectonic plates move in a year and what is this called? | A few centimetres → continental drift |
| What happens at plate boundaries? | A huge force builds up, eventually the rocks give in changing shape causing earthquakes, volcanoes or mountains to form. |
| Why have the amounts of of gases in the atmosphere been the same for almost 200 Million years? | Because they was stabilised 200 millions years ago |
| How are the main gases in the air separated? | Fractional distillation |
| What is used in industry as raw materials? | The main gases in the air after being separated by fractional distillation |
| Why were Wegners ideas not accepted untill the 1960's? | Because he could not explain why the continents moved. in 1960 scientists found new evidence. |
| Why are there so many theories about how life began? | Because they are all unproven so we cannot be sure how life began |
| What did Miller and Urey find in their experiment? | That amino acids that were the building blocks for protein, had been produced. |
| What was Miller and Ureys experiment? | They used a mixture of water, ammonia, methane and hydrogen and a high voltage spark to stimulate lightening. |
| What is meant by 'Primordial Soup'? | a solution rich in organic compounds in the primitive oceans of the earth, from which life is thought to have originated. |
| Why is the fractional distillation of liquid air done industrially? | To produce pure oxygen and liquid nitrogen, which have important uses. |
| Explain briefly how Fractional distillation of liquid is done? | The air is cooled below -200ºC and fed into a fractional distillation column → Nitrogen is separated from oxygen and argon and further distillation is used to produced pure oxygen and argon. |
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