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- 1AlgorithmA process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.
- 2Computer ProgramA computer program is a collection of instructions that performs a specific task when executed by a computer. A computer requires programs to function, and typically executes the program's instructions in a central processing unit.
- 3DecompositionDecomposition in computer science, also known as factoring, is breaking a complex problem or system into parts that are easier to conceive, understand, program, and maintain.
- 4AbstractionIn software engineering and computer science, abstraction is a technique for arranging complexity of computer systems. It works by establishing a level of complexity on which a person interacts with the system, suppressing the more complex details below the current level.
- 5Pseudo Codea notation resembling a simplified programming language, used in program design.
- 6Flow Charta graphical representation of a computer program in relation to its sequence of functions.
- 7Inputput (data) into a computer.
a place where, or a device through which, energy or information enters a system.
what is put in, taken in, or operated on by any process or system. - 8OutputBe able to output data and information from a
program to the computer display. - 9BooleanBe familiar with and be able to use:
•• NOT
•• AND
•• OR.
Students should be able to use these operators, and combinations of these operators, within conditions for iterative and selection structures. - 10Data Types•• integer
•• real
•• Boolean
•• character
•• string. - 11AsciiFor example in ASCII ‘A’ is coded as 65, ‘B’ as 66,and so on, meaning that the codes for the other capital letters can be calculated once the code for ‘A’ is known. This pattern also applies to other groupings such as lower case letters and digits.
- 12Representing ImagesSize bits = W x H x D
Size bytes = W x H x D /8
W = image width
H = image height
D = colour depth in bits. - 13Representing SoundFile size (bits) = rate x res x secs
rate = sampling rate
res = sample resolution
secs = number of seconds - 14BusA bus is a collection of wires through which data is transmitted from one component to another.Main memory will be considered to be any form of memory that is directly accessible by the CPU,except for cache and registers.
- 15Personal Area Network (PAN)PAN – only Bluetooth needs to be considered.
- 16Local Area Network (LAN)LAN – know that these usually cover relatively small geographical areas.
LAN – know that these are often owned and controlled/managed by a single person or organisation. - 17Wide Area Network (WAN).WAN – know that the Internet is the biggest example of a WAN.
WAN – know that these usually cover a wide geographic area.
WAN – know that these are often under collective or distributed ownership. - 18HardwareComputer hardware is the collection of physical parts of a computer system. This includes the computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also includes all the parts inside the computer case, such as the hard disk drive, motherboard, video card, and many others. Computer hardware is what you can physically touch.
- 19SoftwareComputer Software Definition. Software is a generic term for organized collections of computer data and instructions, often broken into two major categories: system software that provides the basic non-task-specific functions of the computer, and application software which is used by users to accomplish specific tasks.
- 20Von Neumann ArchitectureThe von Neumann architecture, which is also known as the von Neumann model and Princeton architecture, is a computer architecture based on that described in 1945 by the mathematician and physicist John von Neumann and others in the First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC.
- 21Intergera number which is not a fraction; a whole number.
- 22Realactually existing as a thing or occurring in fact; not imagined or supposed.
- 23CharacterIn computer and machine-based telecommunications terminology, a character is a unit of information that roughly corresponds to a grapheme, grapheme-like unit, or symbol, such as in an alphabet or syllabary in the written form of a natural language.
- 24StringString Definition. In computer science a string is any finite sequence of characters (i.e., letters, numerals, symbols and punctuation marks). An important characteristic of each string is its length, which is the number of characters in it.
- 25Bita bit is the fundamental unit of information
A bit is either a 0 or a 1. - 26Bytea byte is a group of 8 bits.
- 27Types of Bytes•• kilo, 1 kB is 1,000 bytes
•• mega, 1 MB is 1,000 kilobytes
•• giga, 1 GB is 1,000 Megabytes
•• tera, 1 TB is 1,000 Gigabytes. - 28ClockThe shortest time any computer is capable of performing is one clock, or one vibration of the clock chip. The speed of a computer processor is measured in clock speed, for example, 1 MHz is one million cycles, or vibrations, a second. 2GHz is two billion cycles, or vibrations, a second. 2.
- 29Control UnitThe control unit (CU) is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs the operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit and input and output devices how to respond to a program's instructions.
- 30Arithmetic Logic Unita unit in a computer which carries out arithmetic and logical operations.
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- Flashcards on My Flash Cards, created by Wing Wing Batstone on 07/03/2017.
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- Wing Wing Batstone · Mar 2017
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- Mar 7, 2017
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