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Description
Flashcards by faithevalouise, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by faithevalouise
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Incoming Tourists. | A tourist who is travelling INTO a country that isn't their home/ own country. |
| Example of Incoming Tourism? | A tourist from the USA travelling into the UK. |
| Outbound Tourist. | Tourist who LEAVES their own/ home country and travel to a different one. |
| Example of Outbound Tourism? | A tourist leaving the UK to go to the USA |
| Domestic Tourist. | A tourist who travels WITHIN their own country. |
| Example of Domestic Tourism? | A tourist travelling from London to Cornwall for a holiday. |
| Business Tourist. | Someone who travels with the purpose of business. |
| Example of Business Tourism? | Someone travelling to London from Cheshire for a 3 day conference. |
| Leisure Tourism. | The use of free time to travel for the purpose of enjoyment. |
| Example of Leisure Tourism? | Travelling to Florida from the UK to visit theme parks for a family holiday. |
| Adventure Tourism. | A holiday that includes exciting and unusual activities. |
| Example of Adventure Tourism? | Scuba Diving off the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. |
| VFR Tourism. (Visiting Friends & Relatives) | Someone who travels with the purpose of visiting friends or relatives and may stay with them. |
| Excursions. | A short visit to an interesting place or activity, arranged by the organisation as part of the holiday. |
| Example of an Excursion? | A trip out to a local waterpark. |
| Package Holiday. | A holiday that is booked for the tourist, which includes transport, accommodation and transfers. |
| Independent Holiday. | A holiday that the tourist books themselves separately. |
| Private Sector. | Organisations who work to make money. |
| Example of a Private Sector Organisation. | Virgin Atlantic. |
| Public Sector. | Organisations that are owned by the government. |
| Example of a Public Sector Organisation. | Tourist Information Centres. |
| Voluntary Sector. | Organisations who don't work to make a profit. |
| Example of a Voluntary Sector Organisation. | National Trust. |
| Small & Medium sized Organisations. | When there is only 1, or not many of them. |
| Example of a Small or Medium sized Organisation. | Chester Zoo. |
| Large Organisation. | Organisations who have the greatest number of shares + largest influence. |
| Example of a Large Organisation. | TUI. |
| New Technologies? | - Online Booking - Online Payment - Online Check-In - Self Check-In - Apps |
| What Does Currency Fluctuation Mean? | It is when a countries currency changes in value in relation to other currencies/ countries. |
| How can Currency Fluctuation Affect the Industry? | It can have dramatic effects on the buying power of tourists abroad - e.g. the cost of accommodation. |
| Example of Currency Fluctuation? | When Oil goes up, tour operators may charge a supplement fee on transport. |
| What does Government Legislation mean? | Laws & Taxes that the government bring in. |
| How does Government Legislation affect the industry? | Can have an impact on the host tourism country. |
| Example of Government Legislation? | Airport Laws/ Security/ Customs. |
| What does Climate Change mean? | Very gradual changes in weather patterns. |
| How might Climate Change affect the industry? | Some natural disasters can become more frequent, meaning some destinations come become in danger. |
| What does Disease mean in T&T terms? | When there has been an outbreak of illness + disease. |
| How Disease and Illness might affect the industry? | People can be put off destinations if there has been outbreaks or illness. |
| Example of Diseases? | Swine Flu - 2009 (ish) |
| What is a Natural Disaster? | It is a natural event that can cause great damage or loss of life. |
| How might Natural Disasters affect the industry? | Tourism can decline in countries as people may be scared/ put off/ unable to visit. |
| Example of Natural Disasters? | Indian Ocean Tsunami - Boxing Day 2004 |
| What is Civil Unrest? | A war between 2 groups of people in the same country, or when people of a country try to overthrow their government. |
| How might Civil Unrest affect the industry? | It can cause companies to loose out on money and can disrupt operations. Can also have an impact on tourists safety. |
| Examples of Civil Unrest? (That have affected Tourist Destinations?) | Egypt Turkey Thailand |
| What does Economic Climate mean? | How good or bad a country or destination is doing financially. |
| How might the Economic Climate affect the industry? | The industry can be hit bad due to poor trading conditions. |
| Example of the Economic Climate. | UK recession - 2007/08 |
| How does Terrorism affect the industry? | Stops people from wanting to take certain means of transport e.g. planes and can stop people from wanting to go to certain places. |
| Example of Terrorism. | 9/11 Bombings - Twin Towers - NYC |
| What does Political Change mean? | When parts of the Government Change or influence changes. |
| How can Political Change affect the industry? | Can change how tourism operates in countries. |
| Example of Political Change. | Turkish Government. China. |
| Positive Impacts on Host Environment? | - More Money - Experiences - Better Infrastructure |
| Negative Impacts on Host Environment? | - Pollution - Poverty - Damage to Habitats - Graffiti - Vandalism |
| 4 Main Time Periods for Tourism? | - Greek & Roman Civilisations - Industrial Revolution - Inter War Period - Post Second World War Developments |
| Greek and Roman Civilisation. | - The first touists were spectators at the Olympics. - Lots of VFR based trips were being taken. - Accommodation providers were starting out, e.g. inns on routes |
| Industrial Revolution | - Destinations were becoming branded e.g. ski and seaside resorts were developing - Classes of travel were designated e.g. first class - Long Haul 'ship trips' came around to destinations such as India. - Thomas Cook started doing excursions. |
| Inter War Period | - Migration to the USA - Passports were introduced after WW1 - Mass Communications were improving - Domestic Tourism was developing; the 1st Butlins opened - Travellers were safer whilst travelling due to things like Vaccines |
| Post WW2 Developments | - People had pleasures back after the war - Travel modes changed as cars and coaches came around - Annual 2 week paid factory holiday was established - Expansion of the YHA - People started to live longer = Grey Pound - Package holidays were becoming more popular - Increase in middle class consumers - More countries were opening up and welcoming tourists - People had more Disposable Income - Aircrafts and Railways were developing |
| What is a Motivating Factor? | Something that influences people to travel/ visit a place. |
| Examples of Motivating Factors? | - Physical and Personal - Cultural - Inter-Personal - Status & Prestige - Extrinsic - Intrinsic |
| What are Enabling Factors? | Something that allows people to travel. |
| Examples of Enabling Factors? | - Disposable Income - Transport Links -Infrastructure - Knowledge - Urbanisation |
| How do Socioeconomic factors affect the Industry? | If you look at a population pyramid, you can get an idea on if a country is rich or poor and healthy or unhealthy for example. |
| Expectations and Fashions in the Industry? | - Influences from the media - Rich people = New Exclusive places - All Inclusive - Influenced by Advertisements and Promotion - Influenced by VFR |
| Tour Operators. | - TUI - Thomas Cook |
| Who is Thomas Cook? | Thomas Cook and My Travel merged in 2007. |
| Example of Vertical Integration in Thomas Cook? | - Thomas Cook (TO) - Co Op Travel (TA) - Thomas Cook Airline (TO) |
| Who is TUI? | First Choice and TUI merged in 2007. (TUI took over Thomson in 2000) |
| Example of Vertical Integration in TUI? | - TUI (TO) - First Choice (TA) - Thomson Airways (TO) |
| What are Transport Operators/ Principles? | An organisation who transport goods or people to destinations. |
| Cruise Lines. | - Royal Caribbean - Celebrity - Carnival - Princess - Viking - Cunard - P&O - Saga - Costa |
| Budget Airlines. | - Ryanair - Jet2 - Easy Jet - BMI Baby - Flybe - Monarch (?) |
| Other Airlines. | - British Airways - Virgin Atlantic - Qantas - Emirates |
| Train Operators. | - Virgin Trains - Eurostar - Arriva - First - Northern Rail - CrossCountry |
| Theme Parks. | - Drayton Manor - Alton Towers - Chessington WOA - Thorpe Park - Lego Land - Light Water Valley - Paultons Park - Flamingo Land Resort |
| UK Zoos/ Safari Parks. | - Chester Zoo - Blackpool Zoo - Whipsnade Zoo - London Zoo - Edinburgh Zoo - Longleat Safari Park - Knowsley Safari Park - West Midlands Safari Park |
| Other Attractions: BUILT | - Tower of London - London Eye - Natural History Museum - National Gallery - Tate Modern - Buckingham Palace |
| Other Attractions: Natural | - River Thames - Snowdon - Cheddar Gorge - Loch Ness |
| Accommodation Providers | - Hilton - Premier Inn - Travelodge - Holiday Inn - Thistle - DeVere |
| What are Ancillary Service Providers? | Ancillary Services are services that are additional to support the Industry. They help the main providers operate more efficiently. |
| Examples of Ancillary Services? | - Travel Insurance - Tickets (attraction/ event) - Car Hire - Airport Parking - Money Exchange - Customs - Boarder Control |
| Definition Intangible. | Can't be seen or touched; has no physical presence. E.g. customer service |
| Define Perishable. | The fact that services cannot be produced and stockpiled (inventoried) before consumption: they exist only at the time of their production. |
| Perishable Example. | Seats on an Aeroplane. If there were 100 seats on a plane and only 90 had been sold, then those 10 seats cant be stored for a future flight, they would need to be sold. In order to sell these tickets they would have to lower the price, advertise |
| Define Vertical Integration. | Vertical Integration is when one company on one level of the chain buys or merges with another company on a different level of the chain. They make up the chain of distribution. For example, a tour operator buying a travel agents or airline. |
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