8262173
Description
Flashcards by Isabel Knight, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Isabel Knight
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| "A pair of star-crossed lovers take their life" -Prologue | -Romeo and Juliet are 'star-crossed lovers' -FATE theme-astrology -Dramatic irony -The prologue is a sonnet with 14 lines of iambic pentameter in an ABAB CDCD EFEF GG rhyme scheme |
| "From ancient grudge break to new mutiny" -Prologue | -An old grudge and simmering resentment between the two families will burst into new violence. -RIVALRY theme-The Capulet's and Montague's have a long-standing feud that affects everyone in town. Even their servants hate each other. |
| ABRAM: "Do you bite your thumb at us, sir?" SAMPSON: "I do bite my thumb, sir." -A1:S1 | -The CONFLICT between he two families is so deep-rooted that even servants pick fights with each other -'bite my thumb'-a rude gesture in Elizabethan times |
| BENVOLIO: "Part, fools! Put up your swords-you know not what you do." "I do but keep the peace. Put up thy sword, or manage it to part these men with me." -A1:S1 | -Benvolio is peaceful-tries to stop the fight |
| TYBALT: "What, drawn, and talk of peace! I hate the word, as i hate hell, all Montagues, and thee: Have at thee coward!" | -Tybalt is a violent character who will fight rather than make peace |
| MONTAGUE: "Adding to clouds more clouds with his deep sighs" -A1:S1 | -This is the first time the audience hears about Romeo. -He's portrayed as a wistful and solitary character. |
| BENVOLIO: "What sadness lengthens Romeo's hours?" -A1:S1 | -When Romeo is in love with Rosaline he's full of self-pity. However, when he's in love with Juliet he's wild and passionate. |
| ROMEO: "O brawling love, O loving hate" "O heavy lightness, serious vanity" -A1:S1 | -These contradictions suggest that Romeo finds love confusing |
| ROMEO: "Tut, I have lost myself; I am not here. this is not Romeo, he's some other where." -A1:S1 | -This scene shows that Romeo is easily swept up by his emotions |
| ROMEO: "Well, in that hit you miss: she'll not be hit with Cupid's arrow, she hath Dian's wit" -A1:S1 | -Rosaline has decided to be chaste (pure). This contrasts with Juliet's passionate love for Romeo. |
| CAPULET: "The earth hath swallowed all my hopes but she, she is the hopeful lady of my earth. But woo her gentle Paris, get her heart, my will to her consent is but a part." -A1:S2 | -Juliet is an only child, so Capulet has a duty to find her a good match. Paris has very high social status, so their marriage would give Juliet more power and security. |
| CAPULET: "Let two more summers wither in their pride, ere we think her ripe to be a bride." -A1:S2 | -'It will be another 2 years before she is ready to marry' -Capulet refers to Juliet as an object-not considering her opinion |
| ROMEO: "Stay, fellow, I can read." (he reads the letter) -A1:S2 | -FATE themes-the servant can't read, so he asks Romeo to read the invitation. This means that Romeo finds out about the party and so meets Juliet. |
| MERCUTIO: “O, then, I see Queen Mab hath been with you. She is the fairies' midwife, and she comes In shape no bigger than an agate-stone On the fore-finger of an alderman, Drawn with a team of little atomies Athwart men's noses as they lie asleep…” -A1:S4 | -Mercutio is trying to convince Romeo to set aside his lovesick melancholy over Rosaline -description of Queen Mab, the fairy who supposedly brings dreams to sleeping humans -the dreams Queen Mab brings are directly related to the person who dreams them—lovers dream of love, soldiers of war - He falls into a sort of wild bitterness in which he seems to see dreams as destructive and delusional. |
| ROMEO: "I dreamed a dream tonight" -A1:S4 | -FATE: Romeo's dream fills him with dread -warning from fate? |
| ROMEO: "By some vile forfeit of untimely death" -A1:S4 | -Shakespeare is hinting at future events-Romeo senses he will die |
| ROMEO: "Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight! For I ne'er saw true beauty till this night" -A1:S5 | -LOVE: Romeo claims he's in love despite the fact he loved Rosaline 3 scenes ago. |
| TYBALT: "Now by the stock and honour of my kin, to strike him dead I hold it not a sin" -A1:S5 | -'By my family's honour I don't think it's wrong to kill him.'- HONOUR |
| JULIET: "My only love sprung from my only hate. Too early seen unknown, and known too late. Prodigious birth of love it is to me, that i must love a loathed enemy" -A1:S5 | -CONFLICT-threatens Romeo's and Juliet's love -Contradictions-'love'/'hate', 'early'/'late', 'prodigious'(can mean 'monstrous' and 'wonderful')-shows her confused feelings |
| MERCUTIO: "Romeo! Humours! Madman! Passion! Lover! -A2:S1 | -sums up Romeo's character as unpredictable, impulsive and passionate |
| MERCUTIO: "To raise a spirit in his mistress' circle" -A2:S1 | -sexual puns-focus on the physical side of love to entertain Benvolio but also to get Romeo to react so that he comes out of hiding |
| ROMEO: “O, speak again, bright angel! for thou art As glorious to this night, being o'er my head As is a winged messenger of heaven” -A2:S2 | -Religious imagery-represents how Romeo feels that she is above him-‘angel’ -Defies Edwardian values-chain of being is broken as women were viewed at the bottom while angels where above all humanity |
| JULIET: “O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo? Deny thy father and refuse thy name; Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, And I'll no longer be a Capulet.” -A2:S2 | -soliloquy shows Juliet's true feelings towards Romeo |
| ROMEO: "But soft, what light through yonder window breaks? It is the east, and Juliet is the sun. Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon, Who is already sick and pale with grief That thou, her maid, art far more fair than she. be not her maid, since she is envious, her vestal livery is but sick and green, and none but fools do wear it; cast it off." -A2:S2 | -example of the light/dark motif that runs throughout the play. Many scenes in Romeo and Juliet are set either late at night or early in the morning, and Shakespeare often uses the contrast between night and day to explore opposing alternatives in a given situation. Here, Romeo imagines Juliet transforming darkness into light. -It was believed that virgins suffered from 'green sickness' -shows he is still concerned about the sexual side of love. |
| PRINCE: "That quench the fire of your pernicious rage with purple fountains issuing from your veins" -A1:S1 | In other words: 'You put out the fire of your anger with the blood from your wounds.' |
| ROMEO: "Love is smoke raised with the fume of sighs, being purged, a fire sparkling in lovers' eyes, being vexed, a sea nourished with lovers' tears. What is it else? A madness most discreet, a choking ball and a preserving sweet." -A1:S1 | -The upsides and downsides of love -'love' is compared to 'smoke'-that which blinds and stings the eyes. -'sighing'-longing for the beloved. -'purged'-love goes from painful, ugly smoke to the positive image of 'a fire sparkling in the lovers' eyes.' -'vexed' or thwarted, annoyed, by love, it is a sea nourished by tears (something bitter tasting) IN OTHER WORDS: 'What else is love? A wise madness, a bitter poison, and a sweet medicine.' |
| ROMEO: "By Love, that first did prompt me to enquire: He lent me counsel, and I lent him eyes." -A2:S2 | LOVE- Cupid is shown as being blindfolded. This suggests that love doesn't follow reason, it's unpredictable. |
| JULIET: "If thou dost love, pronounce it faithfully. Or if thou think'st I am too quickly won, I'll frown and be perverse, and say thee nay. so thou wilt woo, but else no for the world." -A2:S2 | Romeo tries to treat love as a game and use poetry, but Juliet refuses- she wants to be straightforward about her feelings. |
| JULIET: "Too like the lightning, which doth cease to be Ere one can say 'It lightens'." -A2:S2 | Shakespeare uses images of light to describe their relationship. Romeo compares Juliet to the sun in line 3, but Juliet compares their love to lightning, to show how quick it is. |
| FRIAR LAWRENCE: "Within the infant rind of this small flower Poison hath residence and medicine power" -A2:S3 | -Suggests that herbs can both heal and kill-foreshadows that tragic events of the play. |
| ROMEO: "Where on a sudden one hath wounded me, That's by me wounded." -A2:S3 | Romeo compares falling in love to being wounded. This suggests how love and conflict are connected. |
| MERCUTIO: "Dido a dowdy; Cleopatra a gipsy, Helen and Hero hildings and harlots, Thisbe a grey eye or so" -A2:S4 | Mercutio compares the object of Romeo's affection to other famous women like 'Dido', 'Thisbe' and 'Cleopatra'. These comparisons are ironic because all these characters had love affairs that ended badly. |
| JULIET: "The clock struck nine when I did send the Nurse, In half an hour she promised to return. Perchance she cannot meet him: that's not so. O, she is lame!" -A2:S5 | Juliet is on edge waiting for word from Romeo. This shows her immaturity, but also increases the play's excitement-TIME shows events are happening quickly. |
| JULIET: "How art out of breath, when thou hast breath to say to me that thou art out of breath? The excuse that thou dost make in this delay is longer than the tale thou dost excuse." -A2:S5 | The playful way that Juliet talks to the Nurse shows how close they are. This contrasts with the formal way that she speaks to her parents. Shows loving relationship between Juliet and the Nurse. |
| ROMEO: "Then love-devouring death do what he dare, it is enough I may but call her mine." -A2:S6 | DRAMATIC IRONY: it's as if Romeo is tempting fate (the audience knows that Romeo and Juliet will die) |
| FRIAR LAWRENCE: "These violent delights have violent ends and in their triumph die, like fire and powder, which as they kiss consume: the sweetest honey is loathsome in his own deliciousness and in the taste confounds the appetite." -A2:S6 | The Friar's contrasting language 'triumph'/'die', 'loathsome'/'delicious' foreshadows how Romeo and Juliet's happiness will soon be contrasted with misery. |
| ROMEO: “I do protest I never injured thee But love thee better than thou canst devise Till thou shalt know the reason of my love. And so, good Capulet, which name I tender As dearly as my own, be satisfied.” -A3:S1 | DRAMATIC IRONY: When Tybalt challenges Romeo to a duel, Romeo refuses to fight because he's secretly married to Tybalt's cousin, Juliet. Here, it seems that Romeo's love for his new wife is the most important thing to him—right up until Tybalt kills Romeo's best friend. Then, the ties of birth family seems to be stronger. |
| BENVOLIO: "I pray thee, good Mercutio, let's retire: The day is hot, the Capels are abroad, and if we meet we shall not escape a brawl, For now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirring." -A3:S1 | Benvolio's language is violent and sinister. His warning creates a tense atmosphere (foreshadows tragic future events in the scene) |
| MERCUTIO: “Romeo, the love I bear thee can afford no better term than this: thou art a villain.” “Boy, this shall not excuse the injuries that thou hast done me. Therefore turn and draw." -A3:S1 | CONFLICT: Tybalt is seeking a fight to keep his family's HONOUR. |
| MERCUTIO: "O calm, dishonourable, vile submission! 'Alla stoccata' carries it away." -A3:S1 | -'Alla stoccata' is a sword-fighting phrase. Mercutio is saying that he'll fight instead of Romeo. |
| MERCUTIO: "Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man" -A3:S1 | Even as Mercutio dies, he makes a pun on 'grave' (meaning 'serious' and 'a place to put dead bodies') |
| MERCUTIO: "A plague a'both your houses! They have made worms' meat of me. I have it and soundly too. Your houses!" -A3:S1 | - |
| ROMEO: Away to heaven, respective lenity, and fire-eyed fury be my conduct now! Now, Tybalt, take the 'villain' back again" -A3:S1 | -'respective lenity' means 'respectful gentleness' -Though Romeo was trying to prevent a fight, the death of Mercutio unleashed his anger and now focuses his attention on revenge instead of love. |
| LADY CAPULET: "Prince, as thou art true, for blood of ours, shed blood of Montague." -A3;S1 | -Rhyming couplets |
| ROMEO: "O, I am fortune's fool." -A3:S1 | Romeo thinks he's been a victim of fate. It reminds the audience that 'star-cross'd' Romeo has been doomed from the start. |
| PRINCE: "And for that offence immediately we do exile him hence... My blood for your rude brawls doth lie a-bleeding" -A3:S1 | -The Prince speaks in 1st person plural ('we') and uses rhyming couplets. The Prince's very formal way of speaking sets him apart from the squabbling families. -Mercutio was related to the Prince- his death shows how the feud is affecting other families. The violence is getting out of control. |
| JULIET: "Come, gentle night, come, loving, black-browed night, give me my Romeo, and when I shall die, take him and cut him out into little stars, and he will make the face of heaven so fine that all the world will be in love with night and pay no attention toe the garish sun." -A3:S2 | -Romeo and Juliet's relationship is linked with darkness- the night-time balcony scene, this scene waiting for the sun to go down, and the final scene in the dark tomb. This emphasises how secret they have to keep their relationship. -reference to stars links to theme of fate. |
| NURSE: "A piteous corse, a bloody piteous corse, Pale, pale as ashes, all bedaubed in blood, all in gore blood" -A3:S2 | The Nurse's gory language makes the scene more shocking- emphasises by Shakespeare's use of repetition ('corse' means 'corpse') |
| JULIET: "Beautiful tyrant, fiend angelical! Dove-feathered raven, wolvish-ravening lamb! Despised substance of divinest show! Just opposite to what thou justly seem'st, a damned saint, an honourable villain!" -A3:S2 | Juliet uses oxymoron's such as 'damned saint' to show her conflicting feeling towards Romeo. |
| JULIET: "'Romeo is banished': to speak that word, is father, mother, Tybalt, Romeo, Juliet, all slain, all dead. 'Romeo is banished!' There is no end, no limit, measure, bound, in that word's death, no words can that woe sound." -A3:S2 | -In other words: 'hearing that Romeo is banished is ten thousand times worse than hearing that Tybalt is dead' -Juliet feels as though Romeo's banishment is worse than the deaths of all her family combined. This shows that her love for Romeo is stronger than her love for her family. |
| JULIET: "I'll do my wedding bed, and death, not Romeo, take my maidenhead!" -A3:S2 | Juliet says that she will be married to death- this is a recurring image throughout the play. |
| FRIAR LAWRENCE: "Affliction is enamoured of thy parts, and thou art wedded to calamity." -A3:S3 | The Friar tells Romeo that he's married to misfortune. It reminds the audience that the couple can't escape their fate. |
| FRIAR LAWRENCE: "Hold thy desperate hand! Art thou a man? Thy form cries out thou art: Thy tears are womanish; thy wild acts denote the unreasonable fury of a beast. Unseemly woman in a seeming man, or ill-beseeming beast in seeming both!" -A3:S3 | Friar Lawrence stops Romeo from killing himself by telling him off. The Friar is angry at Romeo's irrational behaviour. Shows Romeo to be 'unreasonable' and acting out of emotions instead of logic (impulsive and reckless) |
| LORD CAPULET: "I think she will be ruled in all respects by me; nay, more, I doubt it not." -A3:S4 | Capulet thinks that Juliet will do as he says because she is 'ruled' by him. This is ironic-Capulet doesn't know that Juliet has secretly married Romeo. |
| LORD CAPULET: "A'Thursday let it be: a'Thursday, tell her, she shall be married to this noble earl." -A3:S4 | Capulet agrees to marry Paris and Juleit's engagement. This contrasts with his attitude at the start of the play when he said that Juliet was too young to be married. This short scene and repetition of 'Thursday' emphasises how rushed Juliet's engagement is. |
| JULIET: "O God, I have an ill-diving soul! Methinks I see thee now, thou art so low, as one dead in the bottom of a tomb." -A3:S5 | -In other words: 'I have a bad feeling about this' -Juliet has a vision of Romeo dead at the bottom of a tomb. This foreshadows the next time Juliet will see Romeo- he will be dead in the Capulet tomb. |
| LADY CAPULET: "But much of grief shows still some want of wit." -A3:S5 | Lady Capulet is unsympathetic even though Juliet is upset. She thinks Juliet's sadness is over the top. |
| JULIET: "O Fortune, Fortune, all men call thee fickle; If thou art fickle, what dost thou with him that is renowned for faith? Be fickle, Fortune: for then I hope thou wilt not keep him long, but send him back." -A3:S5 | Fortune (or Dame Fortuna, goddess of fortune and fate) is often portrayed as a "fickle" (unpredictable and unreliable) goddess because she could raise men up to great heights or cast them down at any moment with the spin of her wheel (a.k.a. the wheel of fortune). Juliet begs "fortune" to be kind to Romeo and reasons that since Romeo is so "faith[ful]" |
| LADY CAPULET: "Where the same banished runagate doth live, shall give him such an unaccustomed dram that he shall soon keep Tybalt company" -A3:S5 | -'runagate' means 'scoundrel' -'unaccustomed dram' means 'poison' -Lady Capulet threatens to poison Romeo because she hates him. This foreshadows Romeo poisoning himself in the final scene out of love for Juliet. |
| JULIET: “Not proud, you have; but thankful, that you have: Proud can I never be of what I hate; But thankful even for hate, that is meant love.” -A3:S5 | Shows how Juliet is Headstrong and loyal to Romeo. |
| JULIET: “Good father, I beseech you on my knees, Hear me with patience but to speak a word.” (She kneels down) -A3:S5 | -Juliet is on her knees begging her father- it's a powerful scene and this shows how desperate she is. |
| LORD CAPULET: "And you be mine, I'll give you to my friend; And you be not, hang, beg, starve, die in the streets, For, by my soul, I'll ne'er acknowledge thee, Nor what is mine shall never do thee good: Trust to't, bethink you; I'll not be forsworn." -A3:S5 | Capulet's anger at Juliet's disobedience shows how controlling he is- he's used to getting his own way. Capulet's lack of sympathy helps the audience relate to Juliet's unhappiness. In Shakespeare's day, children (especially girls) had very little control over their lives. Daughters were expected to be silent, chaste, and obedient, which is why Capulet treats Juliet like a piece of property that he can just throw out onto "the streets" when she doesn't follow his orders. |
| JULIET: "My husband is on earth, my faith in heaven; How shall that faith return to earth" -A3:S5 | If Juliet is forced to marry Paris, she'd be committing a terrible sin- she's already married to Romeo. |
| JULIET: "Ancient damnation! O most wicked fiend! Is it more sin to wish me thus forsworn or to dispraise my lord...If all else fail, myself have the power to die." -A3:S5 | -In other words: 'to want me to break my marriage vows or go against God' -At the end of the scene, Juliet is alone on stage- symbolic as she has been separated from her family(even disagrees with Nurse) and can't turn to them for help. This shows how desperate she is and explains why she is so eager to agree to the fake suicide in the next scene. |
| JULIET: "To answer that, I should confess to you." "I will confess to you that I love him." "If I do so, it will be of more price, being spoke behind your back, than to your face." -A4:S1 | -Juliet is quite hostile when she's talking to Paris- she tries to appear polite but she barely hides her true feelings. This adds to the tension of the scene. -Juliet manages to avoid giving Paris a straight answer- this shows her intelligence and ability to think quickly |
| JULIET: "'Twixt my extremes and me this bloody knife shall play the umpire, arbitrating that which the commission of thy years and art could to no issue of true honour bring. Be not so long to speak, I long to die" -A4:S1 | -In other words: 'between my terrible problems and me, this knife will be the judge' --Juliet is suicidal, showing her desperation and devotion to Romeo. |
| JULIET: "O shut the door, and when thou hast done so, come weep with me, past hope, past cure, past help!" -A4:S1 | As soon as Paris leaves, Juliet's language becomes more dramatic, emphasising how emotional she is. |
| FRIAR LAWRENCE: "O Juliet, I already know thy grief, it strains me past the compass of my wits." -A4:S1 | The Friar feels partly responsible for the situation- he's married the couple, so he can't let Juliet marry Paris. |
| JULIET: "Love give me strength, and strength shall help afford." -A4:S1 | This shows how calm Juliet is when she makes the decision to fake her own death, not knowing of her future. Juliet declares that Romeo's love gives her strength and this fuels her decisions and therefore her decisive nature. |
| JULIET: "Pardon, I beseech you! Henceforward I am ever ruled by you." -A4:S2 | Juliet fools her family into thinking she will marry Paris. She lies to make sure the Friar's plan goes ahead- shows that she is cunning. |
| LORD CAPULET: "My heart is wondrous light, since this same wayward girl is so reclaimed." -A4:S2 | Capulet's mood changes- he's now happy and excited now he's got his own way. |
| JULIET: "I have a faint cold fear thrills through my veins...my dismal scene I needs must act alone" -A4:S3 | Shows the uncertainty and doubt Juliet feels but also courage in her desperation to be with Romeo. |
| LORD CAPULET: "All things that we ordained festival, turn from their office to black funeral, our instruments to melancholy bells, our wedding cheer to a sad burial feast, our solemn hymns to sullen dirges change, our bridal flowers serve for a buried corse, and all things change them to the contrary" -A4:S5 | Capulet repeats 'all things' and 'our' and uses alliteration in the words 'solemn'/'sullen' and 'bridal'/'burial'. Capulet's poetic language emphasises his sadness and demonstrates the dignified side to his character. |
| ROMEO: "I dreamt my lady came and found me dead- strange dream , that gives a dead man leave to think! And breathed such life with kisses in my lips, that I revived, and was an emperor." -A5:S1 | Romeo had a dream that he was dead but that Juliet's kiss brought him back to life. This foreshadows Romeo's death at the end of the play. |
| ROMEO: "Thou detestable maw, thou womb of death, gorged with the dearest morsel of the earth, thus I enforce thy rotten jaws to open" -A5:S3 | This scene contrasts Romeo and Paris's reactions to Juliet's death. Paris's grief is conventional- he's solemn and respectful whereas Romeo is desperate and aggressive. |
| PRINCE: "A glooming peace this morning with it brings, the sun, for sorrow, will not show his head. Go hence, to have more talk of these sad things. Some shall be pardoned, and some punished, for never was a story of more woe than this of Juliet and her Romeo." -A5:S3 | These lines are written in the form of an heroic couplet, two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter, and give a sense of closure to the play. The title of the play is contrasted by saying 'Juliet' before 'Romeo' to juxtapose the woman's position in Elizabethan times (changes the CHAIN OF BEING) |
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