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Description
Flashcards by melgallagher, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by melgallagher
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the 2 types of yarn that you can get? | Filament (long strands) and staples (short strands). Yarns made from filaments are smooth. Yarns made from staples are more hairy. |
| Where do natural fibres come from? How are they dealt with after they're harvested? | Natural sources like animals and plants. They usually come in staple lengths except silk. They are straightened then spun into a yarn. They are renewable and biodegradable. They are absorbent and strong but have poor resistance to biological damage. |
| What are regenerated fibres? | Natural materials that have been chemically altered to produce fibres. They have a renewable origin but are made using synthetic chemicals which made them less renewable that natural fibres. Some are made with recyclable chemicals. Different chemicals give different properties. |
| What are synthetic fibres? | Man-made fibres. They're made from polymers. The polymers are melted/dissolved then liquid is forced through and hardened to form filament fibres. They can be chopped to staple lengths. They're non-renewable. They have be given different properties. |
| What is a plain weave? | Weft yarn passes over and under alternate warp yarns. It's hard-wearing, strong and holds its shape well. Smooth finish. Cheapest weave. |
| What is a twill weave? | Creates a diagonal pattern on the surface. e.g. the weft yarn goes over two warp and under one. This is repeated. Strong, drapes well. used for denim. |
| What is a satin weave? | Weft yarn goes over four or more warps then under one. They catch the light which makes shiny fabrics. It's delicate and doesn't resist abrasion. |
| What are non-woven fabrics? | Layers of fibres held together by bonding or felting. They don't fray and can be cut in any direction which means less waste. They don't stretch and aren't very strong. BONDED - Webs of fibres held by glue/stitching/heat. Used for interfacing and disposable cloths. FELTED - Combining pressure, moisture and heat to interlock a mat of wool fibres. Can be used for craft materials, jewelry and snooker table covers. |
| What are knitted yarns? | Interlocking one or more yarns together by making loops. This makes them good insulators. WEFT KNITTED - Runs across the fabric making loops with the row of yarn beneath. They stretch but lose shape easily. Can unravel. Makes jumpers, socks and t-shirts. WARP-KNITTED - Run up thee fabric which interlock vertically. They're stretchy but keep their shape. They're hard to unravel. Made by machine only. Make tights, swimwear, fleeces. |
| How do you find out the type of weave used in a fabric? | Disassemble it and look at; The way it runs (straight its woven, loops its knitted). Count how many warps the weft crosses before they go underneath one. If there are no yarns its non-woven. |
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