LC Geog; Mezzogiorno

Question	Answer
What is the nickname of the Mezzogiorno?	The land of the midday sun
Name the capital of the Mezzogiorno.	Naples
Name two islands part of the Mezzogiorno	Sicily & Sardinia
Name two volcanoes that are found n the Mezz?	Mt Etna Mt Vesuvius Stromboli
Name the mountain range that forms the "back bone of Italy"	Apennines
What is the population of the Mezzogiorno?	21 million
What % of the Mezzogiorno is mountains & hills?	85%
Name the main roueway found here.	Autostrada del sole
How much of Italy's manufacturing workers are found in the Mezz?	17%
What % of Italy's farmers are found here?	50%
How much of Italy's GDP comes from the Mezz?	25%
Name the bedrock the Apennines are made from.	Limestone
Name the main type of soil found here.	Terra Rossa Red High in iron Thin on mountains Can be fertile Needs water
What is the most fertile farming region in the region?	Plain of Campania
Name the climate found here	Mediterranean climate
Describe this climate briefly	Hot summers avg 26 degrees Mild winters 9 degrees Winter rains(frontal from Atlantic) Summer rains(Convectional) 500-900 mm avg rain --> uneven Sirocco wind from Africa Drought
Drainage	Few rivers Small volume Premeable rock Karst features Swallow holes
Problems for farming here	Drought Size of farms Distance from market Land ownership Lack of Irrigation Lack of education Relief, Climate, Soils
3 factors influencing farming development here	Relief, Climate, Soils Small farms & ownership Cassa
What is the Cassa?	A fund set up in the 1950's to help develop the Mezz.
Latifundia	Lareg estates run by absentee landlords
Minifundia	Small farms rented from large estates 3-6 hectares
Braccianti	Tenant farmers
Metapontino	Drained swamps
Positives of Cassa on Farming	Farmers owned land Improved farming practises/education Mechanised farming Swamps drained Many different crops
Negatives of Cassa on farming	Lowland areas benefitted most. Seasonal overproduction with crops e.g. tomatoes Irrigation is expensive & unsustainable evaporation & drought Overgrazing still in highland areas.
Factors impacting manufacturing	Poor access to markets & transport Small factories with few raw materials & sources of power. Large but poorly educated work force. Corruption (Mafia) Cassa
Lack of access	Far from large EU markets roads narrow &winding transport limited & impacted by snow in winter(Mts). Not an attractive forMNC’s politically isolated Small, poor local market
Lack of raw materials	Regions lacks natural resources & power Gas is imported HEP not suitable Solar power too expensive Lack of water prevents steelworks Seasonal crops Olive oil, vitamins & wines
Unskilled workforce	Very few large cities People are older 7 times less likely to attend brain drain smaller tax base/market 23% of families living in poverty
How the Cassa has helped manufacturing	Encouraged private companies to invest. Vanoni Plan. State companies had to spend 60% of new investment here. Port of Gioia Tauro --> 9th largest in EU New airport in Calabria. Autostrada Del Sol
Issues with Cassa & manufacturing	Income gap between south & north. More money spent than jobs created. Unemployment remained above 20%. Cities more developed. Prone to further job losses.
Avoni	Plan to attract private industry Tax breaks Training
Name a famous part of the coastline	Amalfi coast
List some issues with tourism here	poor access poor quality transport lack of water pollution in sea seasonal work poorly paid unequal development
Name a famous archaeological site here	Pompeii
This area has the lowest pop density. Name it	Basilicata
What stage of the pop cycle is Italy in?	Stage 5
Why are family sizes falling?	Decline of the church Increase in education levels
What % of the population is made up for foreigners?	2%

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LC Geog; Mezzogiorno

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	Created by Steven Morgan about 7 years ago