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| Question | Answer |
| The US Supreme Court and the protection of rights | The Supreme Court has become integral in the battle for civil rights. This is because of the power of Judicial Review - this was 'found' in the Marbury v Madison case in 1803. This gave the Court the power to Court to declare Acts of Congress, actions of the executive and acts or actions of State Governments unconstitutional |
| Freedom of Religion | The 1st Amendment begins ‘Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof’ |
| Engel v White (1962) | The court declared that ... |
| School District of Abingdon Township v Schempp (1963) | The court declared that ... |
| Wallace v Jaffree (1985) | The court declared that ... |
| Lee v Weisman (1992) | The court declared that ... |
| Zelman v Simmons-Harris (2002) | The court declared that ... |
| Freedom of Speech | The 1st Amendment also states ‘Congress shall make no law … abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press’. |
| Buckley v Velo (1976) | The court declared that ... |
| McConnell v Federal Election Commission (2004) | The court decleared that ... |
| Citizens United v Federal Election Commission (2010) | The court declared that ... |
| Reno v US Civil Liberties Union (1997) | The court declared that ... |
| Ashcroft v Free Speech Coalition (2002) | The court declared that ... |
| Texas v Johnson (1989) US v Eichman (1990) | The court declared that ... |
| Gun control | The Founding Fathers believed that an armed citizenry was the ultimate check against a tyrannical government - the second amendment is seen as protection for this |
| Different interpretations? | ‘A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed’. Does this mean individuals have the right to a gun or should there be state militias |
| US v Lopez (1995) | The court declared that ... |
| Printz v US (1997) | The court declared that ... |
| District of Columbia v Heller (2008) | The court declared that ... |
| McDonald v City of Chicago (2010) | The court declared that ... |
| Capital Punishment | The 8th amendment prevents 'cruel and unusual punishment'. However, when the constutition was written, the use of a death penalty would not have been considered 'cruel and unusual'. Cases have been around how it is implemented |
| Furman v Georgia (1972) | The court declared that ... |
| Ring v Arizona (2002) | The court declared that ... |
| Atkins v Virginia (2002) | The court declared that ... |
| Roper v Simmons (2005) | The court declared that ... |
| Baze v Rees (2008) | The court declared that ... |
| Jackson v Hobbs (2012) Miller v Alabama (2012) | The court declared that ... |
| Glossip v Gross (2015) | The court declared that ... |
| Healthcare Reform | 'Obamacare' has become deeply polarising in US politics. Republicans are determined to overturn the legislation and there has been key decisions in the Supreme Court |
| National Federation of Independent Businesses (NFIB) v Sebelius (2012) | The court declared that ... |
| King v Burwell (2015) | The court declared that ... |
| Abortion | Since the 1960s this has become a key dividing line in US politics. Pro-life and pro-choice campaigners have fought many legal battles over the legality of abortion |
| Roe v Wade (1973) | The court declared that ... |
| Webster v Reproductive Health Services (1989) | The court declared that ... |
| SE Pennsylvania v Casey (1992) | The court declared that ... |
| Gonzales v Carhart (2007) | The court declared that ... |
| Whole Woman’s Health v Hellerstedt (2016) | The court declared that ... |
| Civil Rights | The Supreme Court has been at the forefront of the battle for civil rights, be it the cause of African-Americans in the 1950s and 1960s, through to the battle for LGBT rights in the 21st century |
| Brown v Board of Education of Topeka (1954) | The court ruled that ... |
| Swann v Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971) | The court ruled that ... |
| Parents Involved in Community Schools Inc. v Seattle School District (2007) Meredith v Jefferson County (Kentucky) Board of Education (2007) | The court ruled that ... |
| Adarand Constructors v Pena (1995) | The court ruled that ... |
| Gratz v Bollinger (2003) Grutter v Bollinger (2003) | The court ruled that ... |
| Fisher v University of Texas (2016) | The court ruled that ... |
| Lawrence v Texas (2003) | The court ruled that ... |
| Obregefell v Hodges (2015) | The court ruled that ... |
| Presidential Power | Often the court is the ultimate check on the power of the President - in Bush v Gore (2000) it decided the actual outcome of the election. The court can rule actions of any member of the executive branch as unconstitutional |
| United States v Richard Nixon (1974) | The court ruled that ... |
| Clinton v Paula Jones (1997) | The court ruled that ... |
| Rasul v Bush (2004) | The court ruled that ... |
| Hamdan v Rumsfeld (2006) | The court ruled that ... |
| Boumediene v Bush (2008) | The court ruled that ... |
| National Labor Relations Board v Noel Canning (2014) | The court ruled that ... |
| United States v Texas (2016) | The court ruled that ... |
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