Flashcards
Unit 2 - Waves and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Cards in this deck (51)
- 1What do waves transfer?Energy and information. Not matter
- 2How do can you prove that waves do not transfer matter using water?If you drop a twig into water, ripples form, and move across the waters surface. The ripples don't carry the water or the twig away with them though.
- 3How do can you prove that waves do not transfer matter using air?If you strum a guitar string and create a sound wave, the sound wave travels to your ear (so you can hear it) but it doesn't carry the air away from the guitar if it did it would create a vacuum
- 4What is frequency?The number of complete waves that pass a certain point per second
- 5What is frequency measured in?Hertz (Hz)
1 Hz = 1 wave per second - 6What is the wavelength of a wave?The length of a full wave cycle
- 7What is amplitude?The displacement of a wave from the rest position to crest or trough
- 8What is a period of a wave?A period of a wave is the number of seconds it takes for one full wave cycle
Period = 1 / Frequency - 9How do you calculate wave velocity?V = fλ
- 10What is a transverse wave?In a transverse wave the vibrations are perpendicular to the direction the wave is travelling at
- 11What is a longitudinal wave?In a longitudinal wave the vibrations are parallel to the direction of travel
- 12Give examples of Transverse waves-All electromagnetic waves
-S-Waves
-Ripples and waves in water - 13Give examples of Longitudinal waves-Sound waves
-P-waves - 14Describe a Transverse wave
- 15Describe a Longitudinal wave
- 16What are the 2 equations to that are used in waves?v=fλ
&
v = d/t
d = distance
t = time
v = velocity
f = frequency
λ = wavelength - 17What experiment can be done to measure the velocity of waves in water?Using a signal generator attached to a dipper of a ripple tank you can create certain waves these will form ripples in the water. Measure the wavelength of these waves and multiply by the frequency of the waves
- 18What experiment can be done to measure the velocity of waves in air?By attaching a signal generator to a speaker you can generate sound waves. If you take 2 microphones and an oscilloscope you can measure the wavelength. Space the microphones so that the waves appear 1 wavelength apart on the screen. Measure this distance and divide by the frequency
- 19What is reflection?This is where the incoming ray is neither absorbed or transmitted, but instead is "sent back" away from the second material. This is how echoes are created
- 20If a wave slows down it bends ..... the normal.If a wave slows down it bends towards the normal
- 21If a wave speeds up it bends .... the normalIf a wave speeds up it bends away from the normal
- 22What is refraction?When a wave hits a boundary at an angle this change of speed causes a change in direction
- 23What will affect how much a wave is bent from the normal?It's speed
- 24Which bends more? a) Shorter wavelengths b)Longer wavelengthsa)Shorter wavelengths
- 25What stays the same during refraction?Frequency
- 26What is Transmission?The wave carries on travelling through the second material. This often leads to refraction and can be used in transmission
- 27What happens when a wave is absorbed by a material?The wave transfers energy to the material's energy stores. Often transferred as thermal energy
- 28What is the maximum human hearing frequency?20,000Hz
- 29What is the minimum hearing frequency for humans?20Hz
- 30What does sound travel best in?Solids
- 31What does sound travel least well in?Gasses
- 32What can sound waves not travel through?Vacuums
- 33What is ultrasound?Sound waves with a frequency greater than 20KHz
- 34What is partial reflection?When a wave passes from one medium into another some of the wave is reflected off the boundary and some is transmitted and refracted.
- 35How can ultrasound be used in prenatal scanning?-Ultrasound can pass through the body but whenever they reach a boundary between two different media (like fluid in the womb and the skin of the foetus) some of the wave is reflected back and detected.
-This information can then be used to create a video of the foetus - 36How can ultrasound be used in industry?Ultrasound waves are sent into a material when they reach the far side of the material they will be reflected back. However if there is a flaw in the material it will be reflected earlier than usual
- 37How are infrasound used to find out about the earth?
- 38What is Total Internal Reflection?When a wave travels from a more dense material to a less dense material and it's angle is greater than the critical angle for that particular material it will be totally internally reflected
- 39What can relections be?Specular or diffuse
- 40What is a specular reflection?
- 41What is diffuse reflection?
- 42How is white light created?White light is created when a material absorbs all of the light given to it equally
- 43How is black light created?Black objects absorb all of the wavelengths for visible light
- 44What do color filters do?Color filters only let certain wavelengths through
- 45What is the distance between the centre of the lens and the principal focus called?Focal length
- 46What affects the power of a lense?Curvature
- 47What picture will an object 2F from a lens show?A real inverted image the same size as the object at 2F on the other side of the lens
- 48What picture will an object between F and 2F show?A real inverted image bigger than the object and beyond 2F
- 49What will an object nearer than F make?A virtual image the right way up bigger than the object and on the same side of the lens
- 50What is the order of waves in the electromagnetic spectrum?
- 51What are some uses of EM waves?Photography - Uses Visible Light
Fluorescent lamps - Ultra Violet
X-Rays - X- Rays
Sterilising things - Gamma Rays
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- GCSE Physics (Year 10) Flashcards on Unit 2 - Waves and the Electromagnetic Spectrum, created by Jean-Benoit Semichon on 08/05/2017.
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- Jean-Benoit Semichon
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