GoConqr has a new look! Let us know what you think.

Sign up free

Flashcards

Clicker and Launch Pad Q's

madeline davis English 98 cards

T/F Based on the diagram, secretory vesicles are transported toward the plus ends of microtubules in neurons.

Cards in this deck (98)

  1. 1In a thylakoid membrane, absorbed light energy is passed from one chlorophyll molecule to another until it is:Passed to a reaction center
  2. 2Electrons from water are transported through the photosystems and photosynthetic electron transport chain and are ultimately used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH. At what point do the electrons have the greatest amount of potential energy?When they are associated with Photosystem 1
  3. 3Approximately what percentage of the sun's output is available for photosynthesis?40%
  4. 4In the evolution of photosynthesis, which process happened FIRST?Acquisition of 2 photosystems by cyanobacteria
  5. 5The energy in organic molecules is released in a series of steps because:more energy can be harvested for cellular use in multiple steps than from a single step
  6. 6The chemical bonds of carbohydrates and lipids have high potential energy because:many of these bonds are C-C and C-H bonds
  7. 7T/F Even though the full oxidation of glucose is exergonic, some of the reactions in cellular respiration are endergonic.True
  8. 8Plants lose a great deal of water from their leaves in a process referred to as:Transpiration
  9. 9Once a carotenoid absorbs a photon of 510 nm light and its electron becomes excited, it will most likely transfer___Energy to a chlorophyll molecule
  10. 10In the absence of light the Calvin cycle shuts down. Which of the following parts of the Calvin cycle would be impacted FIRST by the absence of light energy?The reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate and the regeneration of RuBP
  11. 11Which product(s) of the Calvin cycle is(are) exported from the chloroplast for use by the plant cell?Triose phosphates
  12. 12The passive movement of ions or molecules from a point of high concentration to a point of low concentration is known as:Diffusion
  13. 13Which of the following is characteristic of complex multicellularity?Interior cells are exposed to a different physical and chemical environment than exterior cells.
  14. 14T/F The ability of cells to adhere to one another is fundamental to multicellularity.True
  15. 15T/F Signaling pathways and the molecules involved (e.g., kinases) evolved before the evolutionary split between plants and animals and thus are similar in the two groups.True
  16. 16In cell communication, what is a requirement of the responding cell?It must have receptor proteins.
  17. 17Many diseases are the result of a problem with cell signaling. Which of the following diseases BEST exemplifies this fact?a specific type of cancer, which is caused by a truncated receptor that becomes stuck in the activated form.
  18. 18The extracellular matrix is a network of:proteins and polysaccharides outside the cell that play a role in structural support.
  19. 19A researcher is assessing the expression of a certain protein in cells. This protein appears as a “web” in the cytoplasm of cells. The protein is likely a component of:the cytoskeleton
  20. 20Dynamic instability is aa feature of microtubules
  21. 21Many microvilli imply what about a cell's function?It absorbs a lot from its environment
  22. 22Suppose that frog embryos are genetically manipulated so that the epidermal cells expressed both E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Which of the following would you predict would happen now that N-cadherin is also present on the surface of the epidermal cells?The genetically modified epidermal cells would adhere to each other and to neuronal cells.
  23. 23Which part of the cytoskeleton would you suggest investigating as a potential source of the faulty color adjustment in these tadpoles?Microtubules
  24. 24How are steroid hormone receptors and cell-surface receptors similar?Both types undergo a conformational change when they bind to their ligand.
  25. 25Phosphatases are a family of enzymes that specifically remove phosphate groups from proteins that were added by protein kinases. Vanadate is an inhibitor of phosphatases in eukaryotic cells. What effect would vanadate have on the response of cells to signals received by receptor kinasesResponse of cell would last longer than typical
  26. 26The CORRECT sequence of steps in the eukaryotic cell cycle is:G1 → S phase → G2 → mitosis → cytokinesis.
  27. 27A skin cell in G2 of interphase has _____ as much DNA as it had in G1.twice
  28. 28he CORRECT sequence of steps in the M phase of the cell cycle is:prophase, pro-metaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
  29. 29In which phase of mitosis do spindle microtubules shorten?anaphase
  30. 30Which major checkpoint delays the cell cycle when DNA replication is incomplete?G2 checkpoint
  31. 31The amount of _____ is fairly constant throughout the cell cycle, but the amount of _____ varies.cyclin dependent kinase, DNA
  32. 32The S cyclin-CDK complex:-triggers initiation of DNA synthesis during the S phase.
    -Controls cell during S and G2 phase
    -prevents initiation of DNA synthesis a second time during the S and G2 phases.
  33. 33p53 is an example of a(n):tumor suppressor
  34. 34Which brain region is associated with language in humans?Temporal
  35. 35The primary somatosensory cortex is located:Immediately behind central sulcus
  36. 36. A stroke occurs when blood flow to a region of the brain is interrupted, damaging the cells in that region. What symptoms might you see if a person suffered a stroke in their cerebellum?Loss of balance and coordination
  37. 37In many zombie movies, a virus attacks all parts of the brain except those responsible for “simple” motor functions, and those lobes involved in processing auditory or visual information. Which portions of the brain would such a virus NOT affect?brainstem, occipital, temporal
  38. 38If a neuron's voltage-gated K+ channels were blocked, the neuron ___________Would take a longer time to return to resting potential after an action potential
  39. 39Imagine you genetically engineered a neuron to produce voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels that opened at the same time in response to a change in voltage. How would that change the action potential?No action potential
  40. 40Atropine is a poison that blocks nerve action by binding to ACh receptors. Where would you expect to find atropine bound?Dendrite of postsynaptic cell
  41. 41his map of the somatosensory cortex shows distorted body parts because it indicates the amount of sensory cortex devoted to pressure and touch sensations from a specific body part. What can we assume about the body parts that are shown on the figure?There is a direct relationship between the number of receptors on the body part and the area on the somatosensory cortex.
  42. 42Sometimes after falling backward and hitting their heads, people may say that they are “seeing stars.” Which area of the brain was affected?Occipital
  43. 43Which of the following brain regions controls drives, instincts, and emotion?Limbic System
  44. 44T/F Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are associated with membrane depolarization, whereas excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) are associated with hyperpolarization.False
  45. 45The gray matter on the outside of the brain appears gray because:Neural cell bodies are located there
  46. 46What is the basic functional unit of a nervous system?neuron
  47. 47Neuronal stimuli are received by:Dendrites
  48. 48The magnitude of the action potential is correlated with the strength of the stimulating input.False
  49. 49What event immediately precedes the nerve firing an action potential?Threshold potential is reached
  50. 50Which pigment is best at absorbing light with the highest energy?Chlorophyll a
  51. 51Which of the following could be true if a plant cell is exposed to a toxin that makes the thylakoid membrane freely permeable to hydrogen ions?Less ATP produced in chloroplasts
  52. 52Predict which of the following would happen if a plant was exposed to a toxin that made the thylakoid membranes permeable to hydrogen ionsThe hydrogen ion gradient across thylakoid membrane would be eliminated.
  53. 53Why are the ends of microfilaments and microtubules called “plus ends” and “minus ends”?because monomers are added more quickly to one end (the “plus end”) than they are to the other end (the “minus end”)
  54. 54What is catastrophe?When microtubules rapidly grow or shrink
    AKA dynamic instability
  55. 55T/F Based on the diagram, secretory vesicles are transported toward the plus ends of microtubules in neurons.TrueT/F Based on the diagram, secretory vesicles are transported toward the plus ends of microtubules in neurons.
  56. 56Which cell type do you expect to contain the most extensive rough ER? A. Red Blood Cell B. Blood Cell C. PhagosomeB Cell!!
  57. 57Which cell type will mostly likely contain the largest number of lysosomes? A. Red Blood Cell B. B Cell C. PhagosomePhagosome
  58. 58What can you conclude about a cell’s function when it has an abundance of rough ER?It needs to secrete a lot of protiens
  59. 59Phagocytes in the human liver and spleen digest approximately 10 billion aged or damaged blood cells each day. What organelles do you expect to be particularly abundant in these cells?Lysosomes
  60. 60What are desmosomes?transmembrane cadherin proteins anchored to intermediate filaments.
  61. 61What are adherents junctions?Transmembrane cadherin proteins are anchored to microfilaments (actin)
  62. 62T/F You have discovered a mutation in adenylyl cyclase (AC) that prevents it from binding the G protein. This mutation will lead to elevated cAMP levels in the absence of a signalFalse
  63. 63What happens to glucagon after it binds the receptor?It eventually dissociates from the receptor
  64. 64T/F ou are studying Peptide-X, which binds and activates the glucagon receptor with much higher affinity than glucagon itself. Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) will be phosphorylated for a longer time in cells treated with Peptide-X than in cells treated with glucagon.True
  65. 65The phosphate group on the activated IRS protein is added by..Kinase portion of receptor
  66. 66A mutated version of Akt that cannot be phosphorylated would cause Glycogen synthase to always be phosphorylated.False
  67. 67Which of the following would shut the insulin signaling pathway off the most quickly? A. Activating a phosphatase that targets the receptor B. Activating a phosphatase that targets Akt C. Activating a phosphatase that targets GSA. Activating a phosphatase that targets the receptor
  68. 68When are the insulin and glucagon receptors present at the cell membrane?They are both present at all times
  69. 69Why do the functions of many receptor kinases depend on the fluid nature of the plasma membrane?The receptor monomers must move together and dimerize to be activated.
  70. 70What happens at G1 Phase?the cell makes more proteins so that it can grow to its proper size. It is also the time when the cell makes more ribosomes,
  71. 71What happens at G2 phase?a cell replicates its organelles in preparation for mitosis. Not only does the DNA need to be divided, but so do the organelles. G2 is necessary for the cell to make sure that all of the DNA is in intact; no breaks and no nicks
  72. 72What happens from G2 to M phase?Chromosomal condensation
    • Fragmentation of Golgi network • Breakdown of nuclear envelope
  73. 73What are all the mitosis checkpoints and what do they do?Start Checkpoint: Is condition favorable?
    G2--> M Checkpoint: Is DNA replicated? Ready for mitosis?
    Metaphase to Anaphase Checkpoint: Are all chromosomes attached to the spindle?
  74. 74Cytokinesis works like...Muscle contraction with myosin motors
  75. 75Crossing over occurs duringMeiosis I
  76. 76What will happen if the is a loss of Wee1 functionLoss of Wee1 function will produce smaller than normal daughter cells, because cell division occurs prematurely.
  77. 77T/F Cells that contain an inactive version of Wee1 will be more likely to enter M phase too earlyTrue
  78. 78One hallmark of cancer cells is the ability to grow even when growth signals are absent. What change in the growth signaling pathway could lead to uncontrolled growth?A Ras protein that cannot hydrolyze GTP
  79. 79Problems detecting and fixing DNA damage can lead to unwanted mutations that can promote the development of cancer. Which of the following would be most likely to lead to cancer?A mutation of P53 that prevents it from being phosphorylated by kinase
  80. 80The chemotherapy drug Taxol binds microtubules and prevents them from depolymerizing. Cells treated with Taxol arrest in which phase of mitosis?Metaphase
  81. 81Compared to noncancerous cells, the number of glucose transporters in the cell membrane of cancer cells should be _Greater
  82. 82Cancer cells favor lactic acid fermentation pathways, even in the presence of oxygen, yet these cells require lots of energy to grow and divide. How would you expect the rate of glycolysis to compare in cancer cells compared to noncancerous cells?Higher in cancer
  83. 83Cancer cells move through the ECM using amoeboid motion. Which drug would be most likely to disrupt migration of these cells? A. Colchicine, a drug that depolymerizes microtubules B. Latrunculin, a drug that depolymerizes microfilamentsB. Latrunculin, a drug that depolymerizes microfilaments
  84. 84What would happen if E-cadherin expression increased in cancer cells?Cell-cell adhesions would increase and metastasis would decrease
  85. 85A cell with a resting membrane potential of -70 mV suddenly becomes more permeable to Ca2+ ions. This cell willDepolarize
  86. 86An action potential is triggered if and only if..membrane depolarization reaches a threshold level
  87. 87Which of the following best describes what is happening during the peak of the action potential?Repolarization due to cations leaving the cell
  88. 88When do K+ channels first open?Before the peak
  89. 89EPSPExcitatory Post Synaptic Potential, fast or slow. The opening of sodium channels (tending to +50 mV).
  90. 90IPSPInhibitory Post Synaptic Potential, fast or slow. The opening of potassium channels or chloride channels would hyperpolarize the cell.
  91. 91T/F A drug that blocks the Ca2+ channels of the presynaptic neuron will prevent neurotransmitters from being released.True
  92. 92Serotonin: What is it, what is it similar to, and what does it do?Neurotransmitter, related to Tryptophan, and makes you feel relaxed by having 8 receptors for things such as depression
  93. 93Dopamine: What is it, what is it similar to, and what does it do?Neurotransmitter, related to Tyrosine, and used to treat Parkinson's, Schizophrenia
  94. 94Changing the resting membrane potential of Neuron A from -70 mV to -60 mV would cause its excitability toIncrease
  95. 95Neuron A sends an EPSP to Neuron C at the same time that Neuron B sends an IPSP to Neuron C. Mark A for True or B for False The EPSP and IPSP will be spatially summed.True
  96. 96A friend has a stroke and suddenly can’t move his/her right arm. Where might the stroke have occurred in the brain?Left motor cortex
  97. 97You feel something brush past your arm. This sensation is perceived in your brain by...The primary somatosensory cortex
  98. 98—

Information

Description
Flashcards on Clicker and Launch Pad Q's, created by madeline davis on 17/05/2017.
Created by
madeline davis
Views
6
Rating

Feedback

What is it about?

What do you think of the new look?

How do you like it?