Flashcards
Particles And Nuclides
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1What was the plum pudding model of the atom?A sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded throughout it.
- 2What was the Rutherford-Bohr model of the atom?A tiny positive nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by orbiting negatively charged electrons.
- 3How was the size of the nucleus discovered?Rutherford scattering.
- 4What is the specific charge of a particle?The charge per unit mass.
- 5What do A and Z stand for when describing nuclei?A is the nucleon number.
Z is the proton number. - 6What are isotopes?Nuclei with a different nucleon number but the same proton number.
- 7Why is the nucleus stable when all protons are positively charged and would repel each other?The strong nuclear force is stronger than the force of electromagnetic repulsion between the protons.
- 8What is the strong nuclear force and when is it attractive or repulsive?It is one of the four fundamental forces that acts between nucleons. It is attractive up to distances of about 3fm and repulsive below 0.4fm.
- 9Name all four fundamental forces.Strong nuclear force.
Weak nuclear force.
Electromagnetic force.
Gravitational force. - 10How can unstable nuclei become more stable?Radioactive nuclear decay.
- 11Name three decay mechanisms.Alpha decay.
Beta decay.
Gamma decay. - 12What do alpha and gamma decays involve?Alpha decay involves the emission of a helium nucleus.
Gamma decay involves the emission of a photon from the lost energy of the nucleus. - 13What are the nuclear equations for beta minus and beta plus decay?Beta minus: n --> p + e− + ν-e
Beta plus: p --> n + e+ + νe - 14Name three ways of detecting nuclear radiation.The cloud chamber.
The spark counter.
The Geiger-Muller counter. - 15What is a photon?Small 'packets' of electromagnetic radiation which make up discrete units of energy.
- 16What is rest mass-energy?The amount of energy released by converting all of the mass of a particle at rest into energy.
- 17What is annihilation?A particle meets its corresponding antiparticle and their total mass is converted into energy in the form of two gamma ray photons.
- 18What is pair production?A photon with enough energy interacts with a large nucleus and converts into a particle - antiparticle pair.
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- A level Physics (Physics Flash Cards) Flashcards on Particles And Nuclides, created by Sam Bronsdon on 30/05/2017.
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- Sam Bronsdon
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