Flashcards
Parmenides and Phaedo
Cards in this deck (13)
- 1What is Eidos?The theory of forms
- 2What is the theory of Forms (Eidos)?From PHAEDO
Real entities exist such as beauty in itself and goodness in itself
Forms as the true reasons for things to be the way they are
Beautiful as it is in the Form of beauty
Simplest explanation
Taller by the Form of tallness
(what it takes for you and I to think the same thing and for it to be true) - 3What is the explanation for the phenomena of the theory of Forms - the tallness exampleTaller man by Form of tallness and shorter man by Form of Shortness
It was be odd to say that cause of tallness is something short
So shorter by a head / taller by a head
Not to justify the theory of Form -> look at consequences and whether they are mutually consistent (most plausible)
Can be both tall and short with 'in respect to' - 4What is Parmenides' criticism of the theory of Forms?From: PARMENIDES
If there is not such things as you mention, we could not think or speak
If Forms are separate from us, we would now know them. Gods couldn't know human things and vice versa
If someone is to be convinced that this is wrong, then the persuading person must be of great talent and experience
(showing what one would have to do to persuade people of the truth of those forms)
Takes a young man who will be later in life and taken him through a series of argument of P's own ideas (both of which seems contradictory) -> right way to construct and ontology via negative results - 5What is the argument of like and unlike?In Parmenides:
ZENO: if things that are, are many, then they are both like and unlike
Nothing can be both like and unlike
The things that are, are not many - 6What is Socrates' response to the argument of like and unlike?Socrates denies premise 2 : that things cannot be like and unlike
Argues for separation:
the Form is itself by itself, in the sense of being separate and not identical with, the things that partake of it
Like things are like by partaking of a separate form of unlikeness -> contraries not contradictions
Can be link in the you share some in one sense, unlike in not sharing another - 7What is 'One of Many'?for any plurality of F things, there is a Form of F-ness, by virtue of partaking of which each member of the plurality of F
- 8What is uniqueness?For any property F, there is exactly one form of F-ness
- 9What is Self-predication?For and property F, the is F (beautiful is beautiful)
- 10What is oneness?Each is for one?
- 11What is the extent of Forms?Is there a form for every predicate / property?
Doubt with things like hair and dirty
For instance: mass nouns
Their materiality is more essential to them than anything else
A relational property - 12What is the third man argument? What response is there?Oneness is supposed to follow from one-over-many
Each form is one = uniqueness, not ones
Plurality of large things A B C called L. One over many form of largeness partaking A B C of which are large
Now a new plurality of large things: A B C L
By one over many there is then another form of largness L2
Which encompasses everything that then precedes
Response: think of forms that reside only in the minds - 13How do we think of Forms as thoughts?All thoughts have intentional objects (every though is of something rather than niothing)
The object of any thought T is something that T thinks to be one over all the instances. But anything that is thought to be one over all the instances is a Form, and hence is every thought is a Form then every Form is a thought of a Form
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- Ancient Philosophy Flashcards on Parmenides and Phaedo, created by Katy Briggs on 24/05/2014.
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- Katy Briggs · May 2014
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- Feb 19, 2016
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